Runcina avellana
Runcina avellana Schmekel & Cappellato, 2001
Runcina avellana per Enric Madrenas
Taxonomia | Superdomain | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Tectipleura |
| Order | Runcinida |
| Superfamily | Runcinoidea |
| Family | Runcinidae |
| Genus | Pseudoilbia |
| Species | Pseudoilbia avellana (Schmekel & Cappellato, 2001) |
| |
| Classificació segons Bouchet et al. (2017) Font taxonòmica: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 744313). |
Nota taxonòmica: A la descripció de l’espècie feta per Schmekel & Capellato (2001), els autors feien referència a un únic exemplar
estudiat anatòmicament, d’1,2 mm de llarg (en viu), amb una fórmula radular de 3 x 1.0.1, que és considerada pels autors com la ràdula rudimentària d’un juvenil. No van trobar cap conquilla interna ni van poder recuperar cap placa gàstrica després de tractar la mostra amb NaOH. Aquestes característiques van induir Ortea (2013) a proposar la inclusió provisional d’aquesta espècie al gènere Pseudoilbia dins de la família Ilbidae, que inclou espècies del gènere Ilbia Burn, 1963 i Pseudoilbia Miller & Rudman, 1968 (sense plaques gàstriques dins del seu tracte digestiu) i amb el segon gènere també sense dent raquídia. Els exemplars estudiats per Araujo et al (2022) es van caracteritzar per trets consistents amb la descripció original de R. avellana (sensu Schmekel & Cappellato, 2001), com la forma del cos, la presència d’una marca rodona de color marró al centre de la cua, el patró de coloració general, l’absència de plaques gàstriques i la presència de brànquies, que els exemplars recol·lectats a Roses (Espanya) estaven situats a tan sols 45 km de la localitat tipus, i el fet que aquests exemplars s’agrupen als anàlisis filogenètiques entre altres espècies del gènere Runcina, qüestionen l’assignació realitzada per Ortea (2013). A més, la manca de dents raquídies a R. avellana, informada per Schmekel i Cappellato (2001), podria ser un artefacte, ja que aquests autors només van estudiar un espècimen aparentment juvenil. Desafortunadament, Araujo et al (2022) no van aconseguir obtenir la ràdula dels exemplars recol·lectats per al seu estudi, així que, de moment, a OPK preferim mantenir l’espècie R.avellana dins del gènere Runcina fins que nous estudis d’altres exemplars que puguin aparèixer en el futur permetin confirmar la inclusió en un o altre gènere.
Sinònims
- Pseudoilbia avellana Schmekel & Cappellato, 2001
Descripció
Aquesta espècie mesura al voltant de 2 mm de longitud i té el cos clarament allargat. El notum anterior és una mica més estret que el peu i no diferencia lòbuls cefàlics mentre que l’extrem posterior és de contorn ovalat. El peu és de la mateixa amplada que el notum excepte pel davant, on sobresurt lleugerament pels costats de la regió cefàlica, i per darrere, on forma una cua curta i arrodonida. La coloració és marró xocolata uniforme excepte les regions anterior i lateral del cap, algunes zones de la vora del notum, el peu i la cua, que són més clars i semitransparents. Els ulls són clarament visibles i estan situats a prop de la vora lateral de la regió cefàlica, a la zona més clara. La vora del peu té petites taques marrons en tota la seva longitud i la cua presenta una taca més gran del mateix color, en forma d'”Y” invertida. Schmekel & Capellato (2001) citen que els seus exemplars tenien un sol full branquial de forma arrodonida.
Biologia
D’aquesta espècie tan poc coneguda se sap que viu en els rizomes de Posidonia oceanica, com altres espècies del mateix gènere, i que també ha aparegut entre masses d’algues com Codium vermilara (E. Madrenas, comunicació personal).
Etimologia
- Runcina. Del Llatí “runcina”, ribot de fuster, útil que es fa servir per allisar la superficie de la fusta.
- Avellana. Està relacionat amb la ciutat d’Avellino (Campania, Itàlia) que durant la dominació romana s’anomenava “Abella” i que era coneguda pels seus camps d’avellaners, el fruit dels quals era conegut en Llatí com “avellana nux”, nou d’Abella. El fruit de l’avellaner era també conegut en castellà antic com “avellina”. Fa referència al color marró xocolata del cos d’aquest opistobranqui, similar al de l’avellana.
Distribució
Fins ara, R. avellana només era coneguda de la localitat de Banyuls-sur-Mer, a les costes franceses de la Mediterrània occidental, gràcies a la recol·lecció de 3 exemplars vius de 1, 1,2 i 1,5 mm de longitud. L’aparició d’un exemplar entre algues a les Illes Medes (Costa Brava de Catalunya) significa la segona cita de l’espècie a nivell global, seguit d’unes quantes mostres més obtingudes pel nostre grup a la Badia de Roses i que es van utilitzar en l’estudi d’Araujo et al (2022).
Abundància
Mediterrània occidental: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Mediterrània oriental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Oceà Atlàntic: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
MesAquesta gràfica mostra la probabilitat d´observació mensual de Runcina avellana basada en els nostres propis registres.
Altres fotos
Runcina avellana by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana @ Es Caials, Cadaqués, Spain by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana @ Caleta (Palamós, Spain) by Enric Madrenas
Runcina avellana @ Caleta (Palamós, Spain) by Enric Madrenas
Bibliografia
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Runcina avellana
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.
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