{"id":24187,"date":"2017-12-06T19:25:58","date_gmt":"2017-12-06T18:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/?p=24187"},"modified":"2020-07-25T13:39:22","modified_gmt":"2020-07-25T11:39:22","slug":"curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis\/","title":{"rendered":"Curiositats sobre els nudibranquis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h5>Sabies que &#8230;?<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_24190\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24190\" data-attachment-id=\"24190\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis\/mpg_4069-flabellina-affinis\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?fit=429%2C429&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"429,429\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Flabellina affinis by Miquel Pontes\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Flabellina affinis by Miquel Pontes&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?fit=429%2C429&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-24190 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?resize=150%2C150&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Flabellina affinis by Miquel Pontes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4069-Flabellina-affinis.jpg?w=429&amp;ssl=1 429w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-24190\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flabellina affinis<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>La paraula &#8220;nudibranqui&#8221; significa br\u00e0nquies nues.<\/strong> Ve del Llat\u00ed &#8220;nudus&#8221; (nu) i del Grec &#8220;brankhia&#8221; (br\u00e0nquies). Es refereix a les petites protuber\u00e0ncies en forma de flor que es poden veure al dors de molts d&#8217;aquests animals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hi ha m\u00e9s de 3.000 esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis<\/strong>. Viuen des de la superf\u00edcie fins a profunditats de 2.500 metres. Es troben en tots els mars, des del tr\u00f2pic fins als pols, encara que la majoria habiten en els mars c\u00e0lids i a poca fond\u00e0ria.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Molts nudibranquis s\u00f3n verinosos mentre que altres pretenen ser-ho<\/strong>. Alguns adquireixen les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules urticants dels hidrozous que s&#8217;alimenten i les emmagatzemen actives en el seu interior per a la seva protecci\u00f3. Moltes esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis que mengen esponges acumulen toxines en el seu cos, de manera que es tornen t\u00f2xics i incomestibles. Alguns nudibranquis fins i tot sintetitzen els seus propis productes qu\u00edmics per defensar-se. Totes aquestes esp\u00e8cies solen anunciar que s\u00f3n perilloses, s\u00f3n t\u00f2xiques o tenen mal gust amb brillants colors en els seus cossos.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Almenys dues esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de fer sons audibles per l&#8217;home<\/strong>. En 1884 Philip Henry Goose va publicar unes observacions d&#8217;un Professor Grant sobre <em>Facelina annulicornis<\/em> i <em>Dendronotus frondosus<\/em> com capa\u00e7os de fer un so distintiu amb la seva boca, i repetir-lo intervals.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_24191\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24191\" data-attachment-id=\"24191\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?fit=411%2C411&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"411,411\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Atalodoris neapolitana @ Costa Brava (Spain) by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Atalodoris neapolitana @ Costa Brava (Spain) by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Atalodoris neapolitana @ Costa Brava (Spain)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?fit=411%2C411&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-24191 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?resize=150%2C150&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Onchidoris neapolitana (2) by Enric Madrenas\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/onchidoris-neapolitana-15.jpg?w=411&amp;ssl=1 411w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-24191\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Onchidoris neapolitana (2)<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Moltes esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis es camuflen perfectament en el medi en qu\u00e8 viuen<\/strong>. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s perqu\u00e8 la seva estrat\u00e8gia de superviv\u00e8ncia \u00e9s no ser detectats. Moltes esp\u00e8cies no han estat descobertes fins fa molt poc per aix\u00f2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Els nudibranquis s\u00f3n hermafrodites<\/strong>. Aix\u00f2 vol dir que s\u00f3n mascle i femella simult\u00e0niament. Quan s&#8217;aparellen es fertilitzen m\u00fatuament per maximitzar les seves probabilitats de superviv\u00e8ncia. Despr\u00e9s tots dos posen ous formant bells dissenys, habitualment en espiral.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alguns nudibranquis (en realitat opistobranquis) funcionen amb energia solar<\/strong>. Aquestes esp\u00e8cies acumulen en els seus cossos els cloroplasts de les algues de les que s&#8217;alimenten, de manera que els mantenen actius i s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de realitzar la fotos\u00edntesi quan estan exposats a la llum, sintetitzant nutrients que s\u00f3n aprofitats per l&#8217;animal quan no t\u00e9 menjar disponible .<\/p>\n<p><strong>La majoria dels nudibranquis s\u00f3n bent\u00f2nics<\/strong>. Viuen enganxats al fons del mar, per\u00f2 algunes esp\u00e8cies com <em>Phylliroe<\/em> s\u00f3n pel\u00e0giques, \u00e9s a dir, viuen en la columna d&#8217;aigua i altres com <em>Glaucus<\/em> viuen a la superf\u00edcie.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_24193\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-24193\" data-attachment-id=\"24193\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis\/mpg_4556-felimare-picta-rinofor\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?fit=498%2C498&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"498,498\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Rin\u00f3for de Felimare picta by Miquel Pontes\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Rin\u00f3for de Felimare picta by Miquel Pontes&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Felimare picta rhinophore&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?fit=498%2C498&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"wp-image-24193 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?resize=150%2C150&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Rin\u00f3for de Felimare picta by Miquel Pontes\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4556-Felimare-picta-rin%C3%B2for.jpg?w=498&amp;ssl=1 498w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-24193\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Felimare picta, rin\u00f3foro<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Les dues &#8220;banyes&#8221; dels nudibranquis s&#8217;anomenen rin\u00f2fors<\/strong>. Deriva del Grec &#8220;rhino&#8221;, <em>nas<\/em>, i &#8220;phore&#8221;, <em>portar<\/em> i s\u00f3n b\u00e0sicament receptors qu\u00edmics (podr\u00edem dir que olfactius) que permeten a l&#8217;animal localitzar el seu menjar i altres exemplars per reproduir-se. Vistos de prop tenen delicades formes dissenyades per maximitzar la superf\u00edcie sensorial exposada a l&#8217;aigua, augmentant la seva capacitat de detectar subst\u00e0ncies qu\u00edmiques. Tenir aquestes protuber\u00e0ncies en el cos els fa vulnerables, de manera que moltes esp\u00e8cies s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de encongir-los dins el cos quan estan en perill.<\/p>\n<p><strong>El canibalisme existeix en el m\u00f3n dels nudibranquis<\/strong>. Algunes esp\u00e8cies s&#8217;alimenten d&#8217;altres nudibranquis, de vegades fins i tot exemplars de la seva mateixa esp\u00e8cie si no hi ha un altre aliment disponible. L&#8217;atac es produeix atrapant la seva presa amb les dents de la r\u00e0dula, o absorbint-la i digerint-la mitjan\u00e7ant enzims digestius, segons l&#8217;esp\u00e8cie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>En alguns llocs del m\u00f3n mengen nudibranquis<\/strong>. A Xile i en algunes illes de R\u00fassia i Alaska rosteixen o bullen algunes esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis, i fins i tot els consumeixen crus. La textura ha estat descrita com &#8220;gomosa&#8221;.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sabies que &#8230;? &nbsp; La paraula &#8220;nudibranqui&#8221; significa br\u00e0nquies nues. Ve del Llat\u00ed &#8220;nudus&#8221; (nu) i del Grec &#8220;brankhia&#8221; (br\u00e0nquies). Es refereix a les petites protuber\u00e0ncies en forma de flor que es poden veure al dors de molts d&#8217;aquests animals. Hi ha m\u00e9s de 3.000 esp\u00e8cies de nudibranquis. Viuen des de la superf\u00edcie fins a profunditats de 2.500 metres. Es troben en tots els mars, des del tr\u00f2pic fins als\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/curiositats-sobre-els-nudibranquis\/\">Continua llegint<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":24198,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1304],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologia"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/MPG_4369-Elysia-timida.jpg?fit=800%2C427&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24187"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24199,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24187\/revisions\/24199"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}