Home Guide to Opisthobranchs Nudibranchia Doridina Doridoidei Doridoidea Discodoris rosi

Discodoris rosi

Discodoris rosi (Ortea, 1979)

Discodoris rosi @ Costa Brava 2-05-2015 by Enric Madrenas

Taxonomy
 

Superdomain

Biota  

 

Kingdom

Animalia  

 

Phylum

Mollusca  

 

Class

Gastropoda  

 

Subclass

Heterobranchia  

 

Infraclass

Euthyneura  

 

Subterclass

Ringipleura  

 

Superorder

Nudipleura  

 

Order

Nudibranchia  

 

Suborder

Doridina  

 

Infraorder

Doridoidei  

 

Superfamily

Doridoidea  

 

Family

Discodorididae  

 

Genus

Discodoris  

 

Species

Discodoris rosi  Ortea, 1979

 
 Classification according to Bouchet et al. (2017)
Taxonomic source: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 139572).
Taxonomic note (from Ortea, Moro, Bacallado & Caballer, 2014): Foale & Willan (1987) and Valdes & Gosliner (2001) suggest that all dorids with caryophyllic tubercles are a monophyletic group, something already intuited by Labbé (1933) to address the usefulness of such tubercles for classification. Discodoris Bergh, 1877 (type species Discodoris boholensis) is a genus without caryophyllic and labial armor, so Discodoris rosi, with caryophyllic and a smooth labial cuticle is not a Discodoris and needs to be included in a genus within the line of the dorids with caryophyllic, a genus that does not exist for all the characters of this species, so some authors choose to keep it within Discodoris pending further studies (Sánchez-Tocino., 2003; Cervera et al, 2004) while others (Dayrat & Gosliner, 2005) include it either in Discodoris or Rostanga Bergh, 1879 despite the differences between the caryophyllic and radula of both genus, or labial cuticle, smooth on D. rosi and armed with sticks in Rostanga and Discodoris.
Moreover, we must bear in mind that in some species belonging to genus without caryophyllic such as Thordisa diuda, these structures are present in juvenile specimens and disappear as they grow and in other species spicules of tubercles are reabsorbed as the animal grows (Discodoris confusa), or do it from the body center to the margins, keeping the caryophyllic tubercles only at the edges of the mantle in adults, as in Gargamella perezi. These anatomical facts raise serious questions about a monophyletic line for dorids with caryophyllic for an elementary reason: juveniles can not have a different lineage than adults. Therefore we choose not to increase controversy and maintain the species in the genus in which it was originally described, waiting for molecular systematic studies to clarify their position.

Synonyms

  • Rostanga rosi  Ortea, 1979

Description
The specimens of this species usually measure between 20 and 25 mm in length and have an oval body contour. Its color is uniform orange or red-orange and it may also have some small white colored spots. Besides color, the most characteristic trait of this species are the thin white lines marking circular, oval or elongated areas. In some specimens these white lines are very visible. The entire back is covered with small caryophyllic tubercles, well spaced and with slightly protruding spicules. Some of these tubercles have white pigment in its base and its union is what causes white spots on the back. The rhinophores have a translucent yellow base without lamellae and a red-orange end with about 15 lamellae. At the base without lamellae there could be seen spicules by transparency. The rhinophoric sheath is rather high and has small tubercles on its upper edge. The gill consists of 6 or 7 red or orange gill leaves that are kept erect when the animal is at rest or wandering. In the gill leaves spicules can be seen by transparency. The spine of the gill leaves is wider at the base. The upper margin of the branchial sheath has the same tubercles of the rhinophoric sheath. The foot is of the same color of the body, is furrowed and cleft on the front side and rounded on the rear side. The mouth has a pair of oral palps.

Biology
This species is usually located under stones or among algae from the intertidal or subtidal to about 15 m deep. It has been cited that, in the coasts of Portugal, feeds on the sponge Clathria gradalis. The spawn consists of a narrow transparent ribbon with orange eggs enclosed within a semitransparent capsule.

Etymology

  • Discodoris. From Latin “discus”, disc + “Doris”, according to Greek mythology, daughter of Tethys and Ocean, married Nereus and were the parents of the Nereids.
  • Rosi. Dedicated to Dr. Joandomènec Ros, professor of the Ecology Department of the Universitat de Barcelona, who restarted the studi of Iberian opisthobranchs from 1973.

Distribution
This recently described species is distributed throughout the Atlantic coasts of Europe and the western Mediterranean. In the Iberian Peninsula it has been cited on the Cantabrian coast, in Galicia, in Portugal, in the Andalusian coast and in Catalonia. In the Catalan coast it has been located in Tossa de Mar and Begur, among other locations.

Known georeferenced records of the species: Discodoris rosi
Sources:
: OBIS
: GROC 2010-2011
: Enric Madrenas
: João Pedro Silva
: Bernard Picton
: GBIF.ORG		 : OPK
: VIMAR
: Manuel Ballesteros.
: M@re Nostrum
: Altres fonts
: Marine Regions

Abundance

    Western Mediterranean: ★☆☆☆☆
    Eastern Mediterranean: ☆☆☆☆☆
    Atlantic Ocean: ★☆☆☆☆
Month

This chart displays the monthly observation probability for Discodoris rosi based on our own records.

More pictures

Discodoris rosi by Enric Madrenas
Discodoris rosi by Enric Madrenas
DIscodoris rosi by Luis Ángel Díaz
Discodoris rosi by Luis Sánchez Tocino
Discodoris rosi (Atlantic) en cópula, by Carlos Fernández-Cid
DIscodoris rosi (Portugal) by João Pedro Silva
Discodoris rosi @ Costa Brava 2-05-2015 by Enric Madrenas
Discodoris rosi @ Costa Brava 2-05-2015 by Enric Madrenas
Discodoris rosi @ Costa Brava 2-05-2015 by Enric Madrenas
Discodoris rosi @ Playa Chica, Lanzarote by Sue Chamberlain
Discodoris rosi by Enric Madrenas
Discodoris rosi @ Tossa de Mar (Spain) by Miquel Pontes

Bibliography

    Aguado, F., and S. López González. 2015. Moluscos Nudibranquios de la Costa Tropical. Asociación Buxus & Ayuntamiento de Motril.
    Ballesteros, M. 1980. Contribución al conocimientos de los Sacoglosos y Nudibranquios (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Estudio anatómico, sistemático y faunístico de las especies del mediterráneo español. Tesis Doctoral.
    Ballesteros, M. 2007. Lista actualizada de los opistobranquios (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) de las costas catalanas. Spira. 2: 163–188.
    Ballesteros, M., E. M. Llera, and J. Ortea. 1985. Revision de los Doridacea (Mollusca: Opistobranchia) del Atlantico nordeste atribuibles al complejo maculosa-fragilis. Bollettino Malacologico, 20 (9-12): 227-257.
    Ballesteros, M., E. Madrenas, and M. Pontes. 2016. Actualización del catálogo de los moluscos opistobranquios (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) de las costas catalanas. Spira. 6: 1–28.
    Ballesteros, M., E. Madrenas, and M. Pontes. 2023. OPK - Opistobranquis. (https://opistobranquis.info/).
    Ballesteros, M., M. Pontes, and E. Madrenas. 2019. Els nudibranquis del mar català. Brau Edicions, Figueres.
    Bielecki, S., G. Cavignaux, J. M. Crouzet, and S. Grall. 2011. Des limaces de rêve.
    Calado, G., V. Urgorri, R. Gaspar, and F. J. Cristobo. 1999. Catálogo de los moluscos opistobranquios bentónicos de las costas de Setúbal-Espichel (Portugal). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía) 9: 285-294.
    Calado, G., M. Malaquias, C. Gavaia, J. L. Cervera, C. Megina, B. Dayrat, Y. Camacho, M. Pola, and C. Grance. 2003. New data on opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the southwestern coast of Portugal. Boletín Instituto Español de Oceanografía 19 (1-4): 199-204.
    Cattaneo-Vietti, R., and G. Barletta. 1984. Elenco preliminare dei molluschi opistobranchi viventi nel Mediterraneo (Sacoglossa, Pleurobranchomorpha, Acochlidiacea, Aplysiomorpha, Nudibranchia). Bollettino Malacologico (Pubblicazione Mensile Edita dalla Societa Italiana di Malacologia) 20(9-12):195-218.
    Cattaneo-Vietti, R., and T. E. Thompson. 1989. Mediterranean opisthobranch molluscs: a zoogeographic approach. Bollettino Malacologico (Pubblicazione Mensile Edita dalla Societa Italiana di Malacologia) 25(5-8):183-204.
    Cattaneo-Vietti, R., R. Chemello, and R. Giannuzzi-Savelli. 1990. Atlas of Mediterranean Nudibranchs. La Conchiglia, Rome, Italy.
    Cervera, J. L., G. Calado, C. Gavaia, M. A. E. Malaquías, J. Templado, M. Ballesteros, J. C. García-Gómez, and C. Megina. 2004. An annotated and updated checklist of the opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Spain and Portugal (including islands and archipelagos). Boletín Instituto Español de Oceanografía, 20 (1-4): 1-111. L.
    Cervera, J. L., J. Templado, J. C. García-Gómez, M. Ballesteros, J. Ortea, F. J. García, J. Ros, and A. A. Luque. 1988. Catálogo actualizado y comentado de los Opistobranquios (Mollusca, Gastropoda) de la Península Ibérica, Baleares y Canarias, con algunas referencias a Ceuta y la isla de Alborán. Iberus, supl. 1: 1-84.
    Dayrat, B. 2005. Advantages of naming species under the PhyloCode: an example of how a new species of Discodorididae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Euthyneura, Nudibranchia, Doridina) may be named. Marine Biology Research 1: 216-232.
    Dayrat, B., and T. M. Gosliner. 2005. Species names and metaphyly: a case study in Discodorididae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Nudibranchia, Doridina). Zoologica Scripta 34 (2).
    Debelius, H., and R. H. Kuiter. 2007. Nudibranchs of the world. IKAN- Unterwasserarchiv, Frankfurt.
    Edmunds, M. 1991. Does warning coloration occur in nudibranchs. Malacologia 32(2):241-255.
    Garcia, F. J., and H. Bertsch. 2009. Diversity and distribution of the Gastropoda Opisthobranchia from the Atlantic Ocean: A global biogeographic approach. Scientia Marina. 73: 153–160.
    García Gómez, J. C. 1983. Moluscos opistobranquios del Estrecho de Gibraltar y Bahía de Algeciras. Iberus. 41–46.
    García-Gómez, J. C. 2002. Paradigmas de una fauna insólita; Los moluscos opistobranquios del estrecho de Gibraltar (Serie Ciencias) 20: 397 pp. Instituto de Estudios Gibraltareños. Algeciras, Cádiz, Spain.
    García-Gómez, J. C. 1983. Moluscos Opistobranquios del Estrecho de Gibraltar y Bahía de Algeciras. Iberus 3: 41-46.
    García-Gómez, J. C., J. L. Cervera, F. J. García, and C. M. López de la Cuadra. 1989. Resultados de la Campaña Internacional de Biología Marina “Ceuta-86”: Moluscos Opistobranquios. Bollettino Malacologico. 25: 223–232.
    García-Gómez, J. C., J. L. Cervera, F. J. García, J. A. Ortea, S. F. García-Martin, A. Medina, and L. P. Burnay. 1991. Resultados de la campaña internacional de biología marina “Algarve 88”: moluscos opistobranquios. Bollettino Malacologico 27 (5-9): 125-138.
    Long, S. J. 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000. Bayside Books & Press, Tustin, CA, U.S.A. 672p.
    Malaquias, M. A. E., and P. M. Morenito. 2000. The Opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Coastal Lagoon “Ria Formosa” in Southern Portugal. Bollettino Malacologico 36 (5-8): 117-124.
    Martínez-Chacón, M. 2018. Nudibranquios de la isla de Tarifa, pequeñas joyas del estrecho de Gibraltar. Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio.
    McDonald, G. 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia. 2nd Online Edition, Annotated. 1072 pp  Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz. (http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8115h0wz).
    Menéndez, J. L., and J. Oliveros. 2004. Rostanga rosi accessed through: AsturNatura on 2015-02-05. (http://www.asturnatura.com/especie/discodoris-rosi.html).
    Naya Garmendia, L. M. 2016. Nudibranquios de la Costa Vasca: el pequeño Cantábrico multicolor. Aquarium de Donostia-San Sebastián.
    Ocaña Martín, A., L. Sánchez Tocino, S. López González, and F. Viciana Martín. 2000. Guía submarina de invertebrados no artrópodos. Comares, Granada.
    Ortea, J. 1979. Deux nouveaux doridiens (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) de la côte d’Espagne. Bulletin du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) 4e sèr., sect. A, 3: 573-578.
    Ortea, J. 1977a. Moluscos marinos gasterópodos y bivalvos del litoral asturiano entre Ribadesella y Ribadeo, con especial atención a la subclase de los opistobranquios. Tesis Doctoral.
    Ortea, J. A., and V. Urgorri. 1979c. Sobre la presencia de Dendrodoris racemosa Pruvot-Fol, 1951 y Discodoris rosi Ortea, 1977 (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia) en Galicia. Trabajos Compostelanos de Biología 8: 71-78.
    Ortea, J., J. J. Bacallado, and J. M. Pérez Sánchez. 1981. Sobre la presencia de Discodoris fragilis Alder y Hancock, 1846 (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia: Doridacea) en las islas Canarias. Investigación Pesquera 45 (1): 231-236.
    Ortea, J., L. Moro, J. J. Bacallado, and J. M. Caballer. 2014. Nuevas especies y primeras citas de babosas marinas (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) en las islas Canarias y en otros archipiélagos de la Macaronesia. Vieraea. 42: 47-77.
    Ortea, J., L. Moro, and J. J. Bacallado. 2015. Babosas Marinas Canarias. Turquesa Ediciones.
    Pontes, M., J. M. Dacosta, A. Ollé i Callau, and L. Aguilar. 2023. M@re Nostrum. (http://marenostrum.org/).
    Prkić, J., A. Petani, Ð. Iglić, and L. Lanča. 2018. Stražnjoškržnjaci Jadranskoga Mora: Slikovni Atlas i Popis Hrvatskih Vrsta / Opisthobranchs of the Adriatic Sea: Photographic Atlas and List of Croatian Species. Ronilaćki Klub Sveti Roko, Bibinje.
    Risbec, J. 1953. Mollusques nudibranches de la Nouvelle Calédonie. Faune Union Française Paris, Libraire Larose, 15: 1-189.
    Risbec, J. 1928. Contribution a l’étude des nudibranches Néo-Calédoniens. These presentee a la faculte des sciences de l’Universite de Paris pour obtenir le grade de docteur es-sciences naturelles. Faune des Colonies Francaise 2(1):1-328, pls. A-D, 1-12; figs. 1-98.
    Rudman W.B. et al. 1998. Discodoris rosi accessed through: Sea Slug Forum on 2014-12-14. (http://seaslugforum.net/showall/discrosi).
    Sabelli, B., R. Gianuzzi-Savelli, and D. Bedulli. 1990. Catalogo annotato dei Molluschi marini del Mediterraneo. Libreria Naturalistica Bolognese. Bologna, Italy: 348 pp.
    Sánchez Tocino, L. 2001. Rostanga rosi accessed through: Opistobranquios de la Costa de Granada on 2014-12-14. (http://www.ugr.es/~lstocino/d_rosi.htm).
    Sánchez Tocino, L., A. Ocaña, and F. J. García. 2000. Contribución al conocimiento de los moluscos opistobranquios de la costa de Granada (sureste de la Península Ibérica). Iberus 18(1):1-14.
    Sánchez-Tocino, L. 2018. El Litoral de Granada - Opistobranquios. El Litoral de Granada. (https://litoraldegranada.ugr.es/el-litoral/el-litoral-sumergido/fauna/moluscos/gasteropodos/opistobranquios/).
    Sánchez-Tocino, L., A. Ocaña, F. J. García, and J. L. Cervera. 2007. Descripción de las puestas y desarrollo embrionario de algunos Doridoidea (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) del Sur de la Península Ibérica. Iberus, 25 (1): 1-20.
    Silva, J. P. 2008. Rostanga rosi accessed through: Hypselodoris, Lesmas do Mar on 2014-12-21. (http://hypselodoris.blogspot.pt/2008/07/discodoris-rosi-ortea-1979.html).
    Templado, J., and R. Villanueva. 2010. Checklist of Phylum Mollusca. pp. 148-198 In Coll, M., et al., 2010. The biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: estimates, patterns, and threats. PLoS ONE 5(8):36pp.

    Bibliography based on the works by Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 and Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, with later updates from other resources.

Further reading

Cite this article as:

Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. & Pontes, M. (2023) "Discodoris rosi" in OPK-Opistobranquis. Published: 16/05/2012. Accessed: 05/12/2023. Available at (https://opistobranquis.info/en/?p=490)

To copy this cite click on the right button.