{"id":10649,"date":"2013-10-04T21:35:26","date_gmt":"2013-10-04T19:35:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/?page_id=10649"},"modified":"2020-12-06T12:11:02","modified_gmt":"2020-12-06T11:11:02","slug":"berghia-columbina","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/nudibranchia\/cladobranchia\/aeolidioidea\/berghia-columbina\/","title":{"rendered":"Berghia columbina"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h3><em>Berghia columbina<\/em> (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Thompson, 1990)<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:10pt;\" class=\"aligncenter\"><div id=\"featured-img-id\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/10\/Berghia_columbina.jpg?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Berghia columbina @ Portugal by Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silva\" \/><\/div><center><em>Berghia columbina @ Portugal<\/em> by Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silva<\/center><\/span><p><\/p><div class=\"opk-worms\"><h3>WoRMS Taxonomic Information<\/h3><div class=\"opk-success\">Current accepted name: <strong><em>Berghia columbina<\/em> (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; T. E. Thompson, 1990)<\/strong><\/div><h4>Current classification<\/h4><table class=\"widefat striped\"><tr><th>Superdomain<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1\">Biota<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Kingdom<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2\">Animalia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Phylum<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=51\">Mollusca<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Class<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101\">Gastropoda<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712\">Heterobranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Infraclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057247\">Euthyneura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subterclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249\">Ringipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superorder<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411966\">Nudipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Order<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1762\">Nudibranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Suborder<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=827889\">Cladobranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superfamily<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=189\">Aeolidioidea<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Family<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=192\">Aeolidiidae<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Genus<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137633\"><em>Berghia<\/em><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Species<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138717\"><em>Berghia columbina<\/em> (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; T. E. Thompson, 1990)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/table><p class=\"footer\">Classification provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). [<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138717\">138717<\/a>]<\/p><\/div><strong>Synonyms<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Spurilla columbina<\/em> Garcia-Gomez &amp; Thompson, 1990 (original)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Description<br \/>\n<\/strong>Animals of this species can reach a size of 30 mm in length. The general coloration of the body is whitish in juvenile animals, with light brown or orange hue in larger individuals. The most characteristic trait of this species are the spots or orange stripes that appear to the sides of the head and the body, in the cardiac zone, the back and the base of each group of cerata. In the latter case these orange stripes, which are very apparent, go from front to back and towards the middle of the back. The oral palps are semi-transparent and have white or slightly yellowish granulations in the distal half. The rhinophores have abundant small papillae from almost the base to the apex, they are orange in the lower half and upward this color turns to yellowish, the apex is white. The eyes are very apparent behind the base of the rhinophores. There are up to 11 groups of cerata on each side of the back. They are relatively elongated and sharpened at the tip. The digestive gland is light brown in color and occupies almost the entire interior of the cerata but the tip that has a white cnidosac. There may also be fine whitish scores on the surface of the cerata. The genital orifice is located right under the first group of cerata, while the anus is located under the second group on the right side of the body. The foot is almost transparent, it is wide and in its anterior part a pair of well developed propodials palps can be observed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology<br \/>\n<\/strong>This species is located on the Atlantic coasts under rocks in the intertidal. In the Mediterranean it has been located in <em>Posidonia oceanica<\/em> meadows. The spawn consists of a simple spiral cord of 2-3 turns containing white eggs inside ovigerous capsules 120-150 microns long (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Thompson, 1990).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Berghia<\/em>. In honor of the Danish physician and malacologist Dr. Rudolph Bergh, (1824-1909).<\/li>\n<li><em>Columbina<\/em>. In honor of Christophorus Columbus in commemoration of the fifth centenary of the discovery of America by Europeans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Distribution<br \/>\n<\/strong>There are few reports of this species, which is limited so far to the south-western coasts of the Iberian Peninsula (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Thompson, 1990, Portugal coast Calado &amp; Silva, 2012), the Canary Islands (Ortea et al , 2000), the Andalusian Mediterranean coast (Moreno &amp; Templado, 1998), the Atlantic coast of Morocco (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) and Senegal (Carmona et al., 2014). These last authors clarify the doubts that existed about the identity of <em>B. rissodominguezi<\/em> and <em>B. columbina<\/em>, confirming that they are different species by using molecular methods. 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data-carousel-extra='{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/opistobranquis.info\\\/en\\\/guia\\\/nudibranchia\\\/cladobranchia\\\/aeolidioidea\\\/berghia-columbina\\\/&quot;,&quot;likes_blog_id&quot;:44192421}' itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\" > <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 602px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"602\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 602px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"602\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/nudibranchia\/cladobranchia\/aeolidioidea\/berghia-columbina\/berghia-columbina-senegal-by-leila-carmona\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"896\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"598\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"30957\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Berghia-columbina-@-Senegal-by-Leila-Carmona.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1076,718\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berghia columbina @ Senegal by Leila Carmona\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berghia columbina @ Senegal by Leila Carmona&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Berghia-columbina-%40-Senegal-by-Leila-Carmona.jpg?fit=300%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Berghia-columbina-%40-Senegal-by-Leila-Carmona.jpg?fit=900%2C600&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Berghia-columbina-%40-Senegal-by-Leila-Carmona.jpg?w=896&#038;h=598&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"896\" height=\"598\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"896\" data-original-height=\"598\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berghia columbina @ Senegal by Leila Carmona\" alt=\"Berghia columbina @ Senegal by Leila Carmona\" style=\"width: 896px; height: 598px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berghia columbina @ Senegal by Leila Carmona <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <\/div><\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p><ul><div id=\"zotpress-61a43c1753aafb5390758c85f1feee2a\" class=\"zp-Zotpress zp-Zotpress-Bib wp-block-group\">\n\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_API_USER_ID ZP_ATTR\">1246567<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ITEM_KEY ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_COLLECTION_ID ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TAG_ID ZP_ATTR\">Berghia columbina<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_AUTHOR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_YEAR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEMTYPE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_INCLUSIVE 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Etude de quelques Opisthobranches de la c\u00f4te Atlantique du Maroc et du Senegal. <i>Travaux de l\u2019Institut Scientifique Ch\u00e9rifien 5: 1-105<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-10649-1246567-KJGQ9I54\" data-zp-author-date='Silva-2008' data-zp-date-author='2008-Silva' data-zp-date='2008' data-zp-year='2008' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Silva, J. P. (2008). Berghia columbina accessed through: Hypselodoris, Lesmas do Mar on 2014-12-21. 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Washington: Sea Challengers Natural History Books. 289 pp.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-10649-1246567-7EGYZ8LE\" data-zp-author-date='WoRMS-Editorial-Board-2026' data-zp-date-author='2026-WoRMS-Editorial-Board' data-zp-date='2026' data-zp-year='2026' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. <i>WoRMS<\/i>. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org&#039;>http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n<p><\/p>Bibliography based on the works by <b>Steve Long, 2006<\/b>. <a target=_blank href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Long-S.-2006-Bibliography-of-Opisthobranchia-1554-2000.pdf>Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000<\/a> and <b>Gary McDonald, 2009<\/b>. <a href=http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz>Bibliographia Nudibranchia<\/a>, with later updates from other resources.<p><\/p><\/ul><p><\/p><p><strong>Further reading<\/strong><\/p><span style=\"font-size:10pt\"><ul><ul class=\"blogroll-links\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/name\/Berghia%20columbina\">Biodiversity Heritage Library<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/search\/?text=Berghia%20columbina\">Flickr pictures<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxlist&#038;tName=Berghia%20columbina\">Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250116074557\/http:\/\/medslugs.de\/E\/Atl-E\/Berghia_columbina\/Selection.htm\">Medslugs (Atl.E)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&#038;name=Berghia%20columbina&#038;lvl=0&#038;srchmode=1\">NCBI GenBank<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/iobis.org\/mapper\/?taxon=Berghia%20columbina\">OBIS - Search by Taxon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bergriss\">Sea Slug Forum<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&#038;id=138717\">World Register of Marine Species<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/ul><\/span><p><strong>Cite this article as: <\/strong><\/p><div style=\"display: block; background: #444444; padding: 10px 30px 10px 10px; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 18px;\"><p class=\"citacio\"><b>Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. &#38; Pontes, M.<\/b> (2025) <em>\"Berghia columbina\"<\/em> in <em>OPK-Opistobranquis<\/em>. Published: 04\/10\/2013. Accessed: 25\/09\/2026. Available at (<a href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=10649>https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=10649<\/a>)<\/p><p><\/p><\/div><p><\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Berghia columbina (Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Thompson, 1990) Synonyms Spurilla columbina Garcia-Gomez &amp; Thompson, 1990 (original) Description Animals of this species can reach a size of 30 mm in length. The general coloration of the body is whitish in juvenile animals, with light brown or orange hue in larger individuals. The most characteristic trait of this species are the spots or orange stripes that appear to the sides of the head and\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/nudibranchia\/cladobranchia\/aeolidioidea\/berghia-columbina\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":291,"featured_media":10651,"parent":456,"menu_order":8160,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10649","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/291"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10649"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30958,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10649\/revisions\/30958"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/456"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}