{"id":19655,"date":"2015-05-13T07:43:54","date_gmt":"2015-05-13T05:43:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/?page_id=19655"},"modified":"2019-01-14T15:07:06","modified_gmt":"2019-01-14T14:07:06","slug":"philine-punctata","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/cephalaspidea\/philinoidea\/philine-punctata\/","title":{"rendered":"Philine punctata"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h3><em>Philine punctata<\/em> (J. Adams, 1800)<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:10pt;\" class=\"aligncenter\"><div id=\"featured-img-id\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/Philine-punctata-4mm-%40-Menai-Strait-Wales.-April-2011-by-Ian-Smith.jpg?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Philine punctata 4mm @ Menai Strait, Wales. April 2011 by Ian Smith\" \/><\/div><center><em>Philine punctata 4mm @ Menai Strait, Wales. April 2011<\/em> by Ian Smith<\/center><\/span><p><\/p><div class=\"opk-worms\"><h3>WoRMS Taxonomic Information<\/h3><div class=\"opk-success\">Current accepted name: <strong><em>Philine punctata<\/em> (J. Adams, 1800)<\/strong><\/div><h4>Current classification<\/h4><table class=\"widefat striped\"><tr><th>Superdomain<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1\">Biota<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Kingdom<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2\">Animalia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Phylum<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=51\">Mollusca<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Class<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101\">Gastropoda<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712\">Heterobranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Infraclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057247\">Euthyneura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subterclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057250\">Tectipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Order<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=154\">Cephalaspidea<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superfamily<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196322\">Philinoidea<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Family<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=161\">Philinidae<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subfamily<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1380004\">Philininae<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Genus<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138339\"><em>Philine<\/em><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Species<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140758\"><em>Philine punctata<\/em> (J. Adams, 1800)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/table><p class=\"footer\">Classification provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). [<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140758\">140758<\/a>]<\/p><\/div><strong>Synonyms<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span id=\"aphia_ct_tu_153457\"><i>Bulla punctata<\/i> Adams J., 1800<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"aphia_ct_tu_153301\"><i>Bullaea alata<\/i> Forbes, 1844<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"aphia_ct_tu_754121\"><i>Colpodaspis punctata<\/i> (J. Adams, 1800)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span id=\"aphia_ct_tu_720737\"><i>Philine pusilla<\/i> M. Sars, 1859<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Description<br \/>\n<\/strong>The body is smooth, without any tentacles, and can measure up to 5mm long. Its base color is translucent with a yellowish tint, and it is almost completely covered with brown dots but from the whitish front area and a distinct transversal pale band on the back, through which the shell&#8217;s ornament could be visible, or even exposed if the epithelium is eroded. The anterior half of dorsum is protected by a cephalic shield, while the rear part of the dorsum consists of a translucent mantle completely covering an internal shell that protects internal organs. The rear part of the mantle looks like an open cilinder -forming the mantle cavity- where the gill can be seen and the internal shell is found behind a thin membrane. The foot has lateral lobes (parapodia) that are usually protecting the sides of the body. The mouth and a small part of head are visible from the under side of the body. The internal shell measures up to 2mm long and it is white, with spiral rows of separate impressed dots, and is very fragile.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology<br \/>\n<\/strong>It lives in the sublittoral, on silty sand and on shells and stones covered with bryozoans of the genus <em>Bugula<\/em>. It could appear on the shore at low water spring tides, among rock encrusting organisms and sediment. It&#8217;s diet is unknown. The spawn consists of cord of about 200 eggs wrapped forming a ball enclosed within a spherical, transparent, gelatinous capsule of about 1.5mm in diameter, attached to the substrate by a gelatinous stalk. Eggs are transparent with a whitish embryo that rotate slowly inside the eggcase.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Philine<\/em>. Derived from Greek &#8220;philainoi&#8221;, name of two\u00a0Carthaginian brothers who fougth for their homeland and who received honors as Gods.<\/li>\n<li><em>Punctata<\/em>. From\u00a0Latin &#8220;punctus&#8221;, from &#8220;pungo, pungere&#8221;, jab\/poke,\u00a0mark with points\/pricks,\u00a0prick, puncture,\u00a0sting (insect).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Distribution<br \/>\n<\/strong>It is found from Southern Norway to the Mediterranean Sea, where it is cited in most Iberian shores (but the Atlantic Andalusian shores and the Levantine shores), also in Italy (Sicily) and Croatia. Not uncommon, but the live animal is easily overlooked. There are many records of dead shells found in the sand. 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data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-1.5mm-%40-Split-Croatia-1m-by-Jakov-Prkic.jpg?fit=300%2C206&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-1.5mm-%40-Split-Croatia-1m-by-Jakov-Prkic.jpg?fit=900%2C619&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-1.5mm-%40-Split-Croatia-1m-by-Jakov-Prkic.jpg?w=582&#038;h=400&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"582\" height=\"400\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"582\" data-original-height=\"400\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Philine punctata 1.5mm @ Split, Croatia 1m by Jakov Prkic\" alt=\"Philine punctata 1.5mm @ Split, Croatia 1m by Jakov Prkic\" style=\"width: 582px; height: 400px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Philine punctata 1.5mm @ Split, Croatia 1m <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-2\" style=\"width: 314px; height: 404px;\" data-original-width=\"314\" data-original-height=\"404\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/cephalaspidea\/philinoidea\/philine-punctata\/th_philine-punctata-artsdatabanken-cephalaspids-of-norway-by-lena-tina-ohnheiser\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"310\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"198\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"19817\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-punctata-@-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1024,653\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &amp;#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &amp;#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &amp;#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &amp;#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser.jpg?fit=300%2C191&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser.jpg?fit=900%2C574&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser.jpg?w=310&#038;h=198&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"310\" height=\"198\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"310\" data-original-height=\"198\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken - Cephalaspids of Norway - by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" alt=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken - Cephalaspids of Norway - by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" style=\"width: 310px; height: 198px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser <\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/cephalaspidea\/philinoidea\/philine-punctata\/th_philine-punctata-artsdatabanken-cephalaspids-of-norway-by-lena-tina-ohnheiser-2\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"310\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"198\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"19818\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-Punctata-@-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser-2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1024,655\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &amp;#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &amp;#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &amp;#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &amp;#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-Punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser-2.jpg?fit=300%2C192&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-Punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser-2.jpg?fit=900%2C576&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/th_Philine-Punctata-%40-Artsdatabanken-Cephalaspids-of-Norway-by-Lena-Tina-Ohnheiser-2.jpg?w=310&#038;h=198&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"310\" height=\"198\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"310\" data-original-height=\"198\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken - Cephalaspids of Norway - by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" alt=\"Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken - Cephalaspids of Norway - by Lena Tina Ohnheiser\" style=\"width: 310px; height: 198px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Philine Punctata @ Artsdatabanken &#8211; Cephalaspids of Norway &#8211; by Lena Tina Ohnheiser <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 491px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"491\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 491px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"491\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/cephalaspidea\/philinoidea\/philine-punctata\/philine-punctata-laredo-cantabria-spain-by-joop-trausel-and-frans-slieker\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"896\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"487\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"19841\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-@-Laredo-Cantabria-Spain-by-\u00a9-Joop-Trausel-and-Frans-Slieker.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"782,425\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Philine punctata @ Laredo, Cantabria, Spain by \u00a9 Joop Trausel and Frans Slieker\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Philine punctata @ Laredo, Cantabria, Spain by \u00a9 Joop Trausel and Frans Slieker&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-%40-Laredo-Cantabria-Spain-by-%C2%A9-Joop-Trausel-and-Frans-Slieker.jpg?fit=300%2C163&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-%40-Laredo-Cantabria-Spain-by-%C2%A9-Joop-Trausel-and-Frans-Slieker.jpg?fit=782%2C425&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/Philine-punctata-%40-Laredo-Cantabria-Spain-by-%C2%A9-Joop-Trausel-and-Frans-Slieker.jpg?w=896&#038;h=487&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"896\" height=\"487\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"896\" data-original-height=\"487\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Philine punctata @ Laredo, Cantabria, Spain by \u00a9 Joop Trausel and Frans Slieker\" alt=\"Philine punctata @ Laredo, Cantabria, Spain by \u00a9 Joop Trausel and Frans Slieker\" style=\"width: 896px; height: 487px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Philine punctata @ Laredo, Cantabria, Spain by \u00a9 Joop Trausel and Frans Slieker <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <\/div><\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p><ul><div id=\"zotpress-762a8dfcb5b767de75b8f5ff1b480735\" class=\"zp-Zotpress zp-Zotpress-Bib wp-block-group\">\n\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_API_USER_ID ZP_ATTR\">1246567<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ITEM_KEY ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_COLLECTION_ID ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TAG_ID ZP_ATTR\">Philine punctata<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_AUTHOR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_YEAR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEMTYPE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_INCLUSIVE ZP_ATTR\">1<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_STYLE ZP_ATTR\">eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_LIMIT 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Lista actualizada de los opistobranquios (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) de las costas catalanas. <i>Spira<\/i>, <i>2<\/i>(3), 163-188.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-BAE9P36R\" data-zp-author-date='Ballesteros-et-al.-2016' data-zp-date-author='2016-Ballesteros-et-al.' data-zp-date='2016' data-zp-year='2016' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E., Pontes, M. (2016). 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Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/&#039;>https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/<\/a> [Accedido 6 de marzo de 2026]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-HM8AG4CQ\" data-zp-author-date='Cervera-et-al.-2004' data-zp-date-author='2004-Cervera-et-al.' data-zp-date='2004' data-zp-year='2004' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Cervera, J. L., Calado, G., Gavaia, C., Malaqu\u00edas, M. A. E., Templado, J., Ballesteros, M., Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez, J. C., Megina, C. (2004). 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Gray, 1850 (1815) sensu lato (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea) recently ascribed to the Mediterranean fauna. <i>Mar.Biodiv.<\/i> <a class=&#039;zp-DOIURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12526-017-0652-0&#039;>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12526-017-0652-0<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-TSCAEAHA\" data-zp-author-date='Furfaro-et-al.-2020' data-zp-date-author='2020-Furfaro-et-al.' data-zp-date='2020' data-zp-year='2020' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Furfaro, G., Vitale, F., Licchelli, C., Mariottini, P. (2020). 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Moluscos marinos de la zona de la isla de Albor\u00e1n. <i>Iberus, supplement 6.<\/i><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-85UK7HFN\" data-zp-author-date='Phorson-1989' data-zp-date-author='1989-Phorson' data-zp-date='1989' data-zp-year='1989' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Phorson, J. E. (1989). Some observations on juvenile shells of Retusa truncatula, Philine catena and Philine punctata. The Conchologists\u2019 Newsletter 111: 223-226.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-IEGCL4NB\" data-zp-author-date='Prki\u0107-et-al.-2018' data-zp-date-author='2018-Prki\u0107-et-al.' data-zp-date='2018' data-zp-year='2018' data-zp-itemtype='book' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Prki\u0107, J., Petani, A., Igli\u0107, \u00d0., Lan\u010da, L. (2018). <i>Stra\u017enjo\u0161kr\u017enjaci Jadranskoga Mora: Slikovni Atlas i Popis Hrvatskih Vrsta \/ Opisthobranchs of the Adriatic Sea: Photographic Atlas and List of Croatian Species<\/i>. Ronila\u0107ki Klub Sveti Roko.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-ZDGT64FK\" data-zp-author-date='Smith-2012' data-zp-date-author='2012-Smith' data-zp-date='2012' data-zp-year='2012' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Smith, I. (2012). Philine punctata accessed through: The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland on 2015-05-18. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.conchsoc.net\/spaccount\/Philine-punctata&#039;>http:\/\/www.conchsoc.net\/spaccount\/Philine-punctata<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-X4ZW6P89\" data-zp-author-date='Templado-and-Villanueva-2010' data-zp-date-author='2010-Templado-and-Villanueva' data-zp-date='2010' data-zp-year='2010' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Templado, J., Villanueva, R. (2010). Checklist of Phylum Mollusca. pp. 148-198 In Coll, M., et al., 2010. The biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: estimates, patterns, and threats. <i>PLoS ONE 5(8):36pp.<\/i><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-19655-1246567-7EGYZ8LE\" data-zp-author-date='WoRMS-Editorial-Board-2026' data-zp-date-author='2026-WoRMS-Editorial-Board' data-zp-date='2026' data-zp-year='2026' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. <i>WoRMS<\/i>. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org&#039;>http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n<p><\/p>Bibliography based on the works by <b>Steve Long, 2006<\/b>. <a target=_blank href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Long-S.-2006-Bibliography-of-Opisthobranchia-1554-2000.pdf>Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000<\/a> and <b>Gary McDonald, 2009<\/b>. <a href=http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz>Bibliographia Nudibranchia<\/a>, with later updates from other resources.<p><\/p><\/ul><p><\/p><p><strong>Further reading<\/strong><\/p><span style=\"font-size:10pt\"><ul><ul class=\"blogroll-links\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/artsdatabanken.no\/Pages\/149389#\">ArtsDataBanken - Universitetsmuseet i Bergen, Universitetet i Bergen<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/name\/Philine%20punctata\">Biodiversity Heritage Library<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/56388191@N08\/sets\/72157719005222234\/\">European Sea Slugs by Morddyn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/search\/?text=Philine%20punctata\">Flickr pictures<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxlist&#038;tName=Philine%20punctata\">Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&#038;name=Philine%20punctata&#038;lvl=0&#038;srchmode=1\">NCBI GenBank<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/iobis.org\/mapper\/?taxon=Philine%20punctata\">OBIS - Search by Taxon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.conchsoc.net\/spaccount\/Philine-punctata\">The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&#038;id=140758\">World Register of Marine Species<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/ul><\/span><p><strong>Cite this article as: <\/strong><\/p><div style=\"display: block; background: #444444; padding: 10px 30px 10px 10px; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 18px;\"><p class=\"citacio\"><b>Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas<\/b> (2025) <em>\"Philine punctata\"<\/em> in <em>OPK-Opistobranquis<\/em>. Published: 13\/05\/2015. Accessed: 28\/09\/2026. Available at (<a href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=19655>https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=19655<\/a>)<\/p><p><\/p><\/div><p><\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Philine punctata (J. Adams, 1800) Synonyms Bulla punctata Adams J., 1800 Bullaea alata Forbes, 1844 Colpodaspis punctata (J. Adams, 1800) Philine pusilla M. Sars, 1859 Description The body is smooth, without any tentacles, and can measure up to 5mm long. Its base color is translucent with a yellowish tint, and it is almost completely covered with brown dots but from the whitish front area and a distinct transversal pale band\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/cephalaspidea\/philinoidea\/philine-punctata\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":423,"featured_media":24071,"parent":26138,"menu_order":2132,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-19655","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/423"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19655"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19655\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28017,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19655\/revisions\/28017"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26138"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}