{"id":22440,"date":"2016-09-20T22:57:00","date_gmt":"2016-09-20T20:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/?page_id=22440"},"modified":"2018-02-13T16:26:54","modified_gmt":"2018-02-13T15:26:54","slug":"berthella-africana","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthella-africana\/","title":{"rendered":"Berthella africana"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h3><em>Berthella africana<\/em> (Pruvot-Fol, 1953)<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:10pt;\" class=\"aligncenter\"><div id=\"featured-img-id\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate.jpg?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" \/><\/div><center><em>Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014<\/em> by Jos\u00e9 Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate<\/center><\/span><p><\/p><div class=\"opk-worms\"><h3>WoRMS Taxonomic Information<\/h3><div class=\"opk-success\">Current accepted name: <strong><em>Berthella africana<\/em> (Pruvot-Fol, 1953)<\/strong><\/div><h4>Current classification<\/h4><table class=\"widefat striped\"><tr><th>Superdomain<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1\">Biota<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Kingdom<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2\">Animalia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Phylum<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=51\">Mollusca<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Class<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101\">Gastropoda<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712\">Heterobranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Infraclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057247\">Euthyneura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subterclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249\">Ringipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superorder<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411966\">Nudipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Order<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1059020\">Pleurobranchida<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superfamily<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=412548\">Pleurobranchoidea<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Family<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1755\">Pleurobranchidae<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Genus<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138361\"><em>Berthella<\/em><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Species<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181220\"><em>Berthella africana<\/em> (Pruvot-Fol, 1953)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/table><p class=\"footer\">Classification provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). [<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181220\">181220<\/a>]<\/p><\/div><strong>Synonyms<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Berthella canariensis<\/em> Cervera, Gosliner, Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Ortea, 2000<\/li>\n<li><em>Berthellina africana<\/em> Pruvot-Fol, 1953<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>According to Ortea at al. (2012), the description of <em>Berthella canariensis<\/em> Cervera, Gosliner, Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez and Ortea, 2009, made from a single specimen found in Gran Canaria, did not take into account the unique color variability of <em>Berthella africana<\/em>\u00a0related to\u00a0the age of the specimen , so nowadays\u00a0<em>B. canariensis<\/em>\u00a0 is considered a synonym of <em>B. africana<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Description<br \/>\n<\/strong>The body can reach a length of 42mm, although its usual size is about\u00a025mm. The mantle, which has no spicules, is smooth and completely covers the foot of the animal, but for\u00a0its rear end. The body color varies from light beige to gray or brown, with darker spots scattered all over the dorsum. If observed with a microscope the dark spots are formed by more or less dense red spots, arranged in small circles around the small tubercles protruding on the skin. In some specimens there is a series of opaque white spots on the dorsum, but in much smaller numbers\u00a0than the dark spots. It has a characteristic black spot in the center of the mantle. The inner shell is small and located towards the back of the animal, although it is missing in some specimens. The rhinophores are tubular\u00a0and they are joined at\u00a0their base. The oral veil is smooth, striated on the lateral\u00a0edges, and can be observed\u00a0ahead of the mantle. The foot, whitish and translucent in some specimens, is bilabiated anteriorly. The genital openings, described as a round hole and a slit, are located on the right side of the animal, on a small nipple, at the base\u00a0of the gill, always protected by an outer fold (flap) that varies according to the size and maturity of the animal. The bipinnated gill is not usually seen in live animals, as it is covered by the mantle, but it is not very big and has a smooth rachis\u00a0in smaller animals while in the adult specimens the rachis has a series of tubercles alternately arranged in two rows. The pedal gland is not observed on the rear end of the foot.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology<br \/>\n<\/strong>It usually lives in shallow water, as\u00a0it has been always found from the intertidal down to 14 meters depth.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Berthella<\/em>. Probably dedicated to Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880), a French naturalyst who enrolled the Navy and participated in the Napoleonic wars. He lived part of his life at the Canary islands, in his post as French consul in Tenerife. He wrote the \u201cHistoria Natural de Canarias\u201d and directed the Botanical Garden of Puerto de la Cruz.<\/li>\n<li><em>Africana<\/em>. From Africa, the continent where it was first found.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Distribution<br \/>\n<\/strong><em>Berthella africana<\/em> is distributed along the Atlantic coast of Morocco (type locality: Temara) and the Canary Islands, where it is considered rare, with some findings in the Bay of Gando, in Taliarte and the Playa del\u00a0Cabr\u00f3n (in Gran Canaria ), also in Igueste de San Andres, Las Eras and Punta del Hidalgo (Tenerife).<br \/>\n<div id=\"flxmap-6a81a68636791\" class='flxmap-container' data-flxmap='flxmap_6a81a68636791' style=\"width:100%;height:400px;\"><\/div>\n<script data-noptimize=\"1\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n(function(w, fn) {\n if (w.addEventListener) w.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", fn, false);\n else if (w.attachEvent) w.attachEvent(\"onload\", fn);\n})(window, function() {\n var f = new FlexibleMap();\n f.panControl = true;\n f.mapTypeId = \"satellite\";\n f.setlocale(\"en-US\");\n f.kmlcache = \"5 minutes\";\n f.showKML(\"flxmap-6a81a68636791\", \"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/22440.kmz\");\n window.flxmap_6a81a68636791 = f;\n});\n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n<div style=\"width:100%;text-align:center;margin:12px 0 4px 0;\">\n  <div style=\"font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:6px;\">Known georeferenced records of the species: <em>Berthella africana<\/em><\/div>\n  <table style=\"margin:0 auto;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:8pt;\">\n    <tr><td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:left;padding-bottom:4px;\"><strong>Sources:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding-right:40px;\">\n        <table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\">\n<tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/wht-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>OBIS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/ylw-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>GROC 2010-2011<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/grn-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Enric Madrenas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/orange-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silva<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/pink-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Bernard Picton<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/blk-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>GBIF<\/td><\/tr>        <\/table>\n      <\/td>\n      <td style=\"vertical-align:top;\">\n        <table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\">\n<tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/purple-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>OPK<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/red-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>VIMAR<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/blu-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Manuel Ballesteros<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/cyan-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>M@re Nostrum<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/grey-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Altres fonts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/marreg.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Marine Regions<\/td><\/tr>        <\/table>\n      <\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Error:<\/strong> Chart.js no est\u00e1 disponible.<\/p>\n<p><strong>More pictures<\/strong><br \/>\n<div class=\"tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-carousel-extra='{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/opistobranquis.info\\\/en\\\/guia\\\/pleurobranchida\\\/berthella-africana\\\/&quot;,&quot;likes_blog_id&quot;:44192421}' itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\" > <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 320px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"320\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 525px; height: 320px;\" data-original-width=\"525\" data-original-height=\"320\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthella-africana\/berthella-africana-taliarte-gran-canaria-25-07-2014-by-jose-juan-calderin-penate-2\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"521\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"316\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"22442\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-@-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder\u00edn-Pe\u00f1ate-2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1280,776\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-2.jpg?fit=300%2C182&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-2.jpg?fit=900%2C546&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-2.jpg?w=521&#038;h=316&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"521\" height=\"316\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"521\" data-original-height=\"316\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" alt=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" style=\"width: 521px; height: 316px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 375px; height: 320px;\" data-original-width=\"375\" data-original-height=\"320\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthella-africana\/berthella-africana-taliarte-gran-canaria-25-07-2014-by-jose-juan-calderin-penate-3\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"371\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"316\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"22444\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-@-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder\u00edn-Pe\u00f1ate-3.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1280,1090\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-3.jpg?fit=300%2C255&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-3.jpg?fit=900%2C766&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Berthella-africana-%40-Taliarte-Gran-Canaria-25-07-2014-by-Jose-Juan-Calder%C3%ADn-Pe%C3%B1ate-3.jpg?w=371&#038;h=316&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"371\" height=\"316\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"371\" data-original-height=\"316\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" alt=\"Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate\" style=\"width: 371px; height: 316px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calder\u00edn Pe\u00f1ate <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <\/div><\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p><ul><div id=\"zotpress-40c80cf6860c79fb6ea8be7dca53ae45\" class=\"zp-Zotpress zp-Zotpress-Bib wp-block-group\">\n\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_API_USER_ID ZP_ATTR\">1246567<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ITEM_KEY ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_COLLECTION_ID ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TAG_ID ZP_ATTR\">Berthella africana<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_AUTHOR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_YEAR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEMTYPE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_INCLUSIVE ZP_ATTR\">1<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_STYLE ZP_ATTR\">eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad<\/span>\n\t\t<span 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Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz&#039;>http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-DJ3USB54\" data-zp-author-date='Moro-et-al.-2003' data-zp-date-author='2003-Moro-et-al.' data-zp-date='2003' data-zp-year='2003' data-zp-itemtype='book' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Moro, L., Mart\u00edn Esquivel, J. L., Garrido Sanahuja, M. J., Izquierdo Zamora, I. (2003). <i>Lista de especies marinas de Canarias (algas, hongos, plantas y animales)<\/i>. Consejer\u00eda de Pol\u00edtica Territorial y Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-CIVWXNZE\" data-zp-author-date='Ortea-et-al.-2012' data-zp-date-author='2012-Ortea-et-al.' data-zp-date='2012' data-zp-year='2012' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Ortea, J., Moro, L., Caballer, M. (2012). Notas en Opistobranchia (Mollusca, Gastropoda) 2. Sobre la validez de la especie Berthella africana (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) (Notaspidea, Pleurobranchidae) y la inutilidad del nombre Berthella canariensis Cervera, Gosliner, Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez y Ortea, 2000. <i>Vieraea. 40: 77-82<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-WPSJMI9T\" data-zp-author-date='Ortea-et-al.-2013' data-zp-date-author='2013-Ortea-et-al.' data-zp-date='2013' data-zp-year='2013' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Ortea, J., Moro, L., Bacallado, J. J., Caballer, M. (2013). Sucinto an\u00e1lisis hist\u00f3rico sobre el estudio e investigaci\u00f3n de las babosas marinas (moluscos opistobranquios y sacoglossos) de Canarias y su entorno. <i>Revista de la Academia Canaria de las Ciencias<\/i>, <i>25<\/i>, 221-235.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-XC7C77WS\" data-zp-author-date='Pruvot-Fol-1953' data-zp-date-author='1953-Pruvot-Fol' data-zp-date='1953' data-zp-year='1953' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Pruvot-Fol, A. (1953). Etude de quelques Opisthobranches de la c\u00f4te Atlantique du Maroc et du Senegal. <i>Travaux de l\u2019Institut Scientifique Ch\u00e9rifien 5: 1-105<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-Z7KUC85E\" data-zp-author-date='Rudman-W.B.-et-al.-1998' data-zp-date-author='1998-Rudman-W.B.-et-al.' data-zp-date='1998' data-zp-year='1998' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Rudman W.B. et al. (1998). Berthella africana accessed through: Sea Slug Forum on 2014-12-14. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertafri&#039;>http:\/\/seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertafri<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-22440-1246567-7EGYZ8LE\" data-zp-author-date='WoRMS-Editorial-Board-2026' data-zp-date-author='2026-WoRMS-Editorial-Board' data-zp-date='2026' data-zp-year='2026' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. <i>WoRMS<\/i>. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org&#039;>http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n<p><\/p>Bibliography based on the works by <b>Steve Long, 2006<\/b>. <a target=_blank href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Long-S.-2006-Bibliography-of-Opisthobranchia-1554-2000.pdf>Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000<\/a> and <b>Gary McDonald, 2009<\/b>. <a href=http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz>Bibliographia Nudibranchia<\/a>, with later updates from other resources.<p><\/p><\/ul><p><\/p><p><strong>Further reading<\/strong><\/p><span style=\"font-size:10pt\"><ul><ul class=\"blogroll-links\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/name\/Berthella%20africana\">Biodiversity Heritage Library<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/viciusmax.wixsite.com\/vida-marina\/nudibranquios\">Fauna Marina de Canarias by Alfredo Mart\u00edn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/search\/?text=Berthella%20africana\">Flickr pictures<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxlist&#038;tName=Berthella%20africana\">Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&#038;name=Berthella%20africana&#038;lvl=0&#038;srchmode=1\">NCBI GenBank<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/iobis.org\/mapper\/?taxon=Berthella%20africana\">OBIS - Search by Taxon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertafri\">Sea Slug Forum<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&#038;id=181220\">World Register of Marine Species<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/ul><\/span><p><strong>Cite this article as: <\/strong><\/p><div style=\"display: block; background: #444444; padding: 10px 30px 10px 10px; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 18px;\"><p class=\"citacio\"><b>Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas<\/b> (2025) <em>\"Berthella africana\"<\/em> in <em>OPK-Opistobranquis<\/em>. Published: 20\/09\/2016. Accessed: 16\/08\/2026. Available at (<a href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=22440>https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=22440<\/a>)<\/p><p><\/p><\/div><p><\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Berthella africana (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) Synonyms Berthella canariensis Cervera, Gosliner, Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez &amp; Ortea, 2000 Berthellina africana Pruvot-Fol, 1953 According to Ortea at al. (2012), the description of Berthella canariensis Cervera, Gosliner, Garc\u00eda-G\u00f3mez and Ortea, 2009, made from a single specimen found in Gran Canaria, did not take into account the unique color variability of Berthella africana\u00a0related to\u00a0the age of the specimen , so nowadays\u00a0B. canariensis\u00a0 is considered a synonym of B.\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthella-africana\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":423,"featured_media":22443,"parent":7852,"menu_order":5047,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22440","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/423"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22440"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25332,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22440\/revisions\/25332"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7852"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}