{"id":25094,"date":"2018-02-11T11:35:43","date_gmt":"2018-02-11T10:35:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/?page_id=25094"},"modified":"2025-10-29T16:23:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T15:23:02","slug":"pteropoda","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/","title":{"rendered":"Pteropoda"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pteropods (PTEROPODA= foot shaped like wings) receive this name because they have body expansions working as swimming fins. They form an order of pelagic opisthobranchs including the following suborders: Thecosomates (EUTHECOSOMATA), Pseudothecosomates (PSEUDOTHECOSOMATA) and Gymnosomates (GYMNOSOMATA).<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/15442854?color=ffffff&amp;title=0&amp;byline=0&amp;portrait=0\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/15442854\">Pteropods &#8211; Swimming Mollusks<\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/parafilms\">Parafilms<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\">Vimeo<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Classification<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Actual classification of Pteropods, according to last work by Bouchet et al. (2017) is:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pteropoda Cuvier, 1804<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Euthecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905\n<ul>\n<li>Cavolinioidea J. E. Gray, 1850 (1815)\n<ul>\n<li>Cavoliniidae J. E. Gray, 1850 (1815)\n<ul>\n<li>Cavoliniinae J. E. Gray, 1850 (1815)\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cavolinia<\/em>\u00a0Abildgaard, 1791<\/li>\n<li><em>Diacavolinia<\/em>\u00a0van der Spoel, 1987<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Diacriinae Rampal, 2019\n<ul>\n<li><em>Diacria<\/em>\u00a0J. E. Gray, 1840<\/li>\n<li><em>Telodiacria<\/em>\u00a0Rampal, 2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Vaginellinae A. W. Janssen, 2020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cliidae Jeffreys, 1869\n<ul>\n<li><em>Clio<\/em>\u00a0Linnaeus, 1767<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Creseidae Rampal, 1973\n<ul>\n<li><em>Boasia<\/em>\u00a0Dall, 1889<\/li>\n<li><em>Creseis<\/em>\u00a0Rang, 1828<\/li>\n<li><em>Styliola<\/em>\u00a0Gray, 1847<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cuvierinidae van der Spoel, 1967\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cuvierina<\/em>\u00a0Boas, 1886<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Hyalocylidae A. W. Janssen, 2020\n<ul>\n<li><em>Hyalocylis<\/em>\u00a0Fol, 1875<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Limacinoidea Gray, 1840\n<ul>\n<li>Heliconoididae Rampal, 2019\n<ul>\n<li><em>Heliconoides<\/em>\u00a0A. d&#8217;Orbigny, 1835<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Limacinidae Gray, 1840\n<ul>\n<li><em>Limacina<\/em>\u00a0Bosc, 1817<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Thieleidae Rampal, 2019\n<ul>\n<li><em>Thielea<\/em>\u00a0Strebel, 1908<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Gymnosomata Blainville, 1824\n<ul>\n<li>Clionoidea Rafinesque, 1815\n<ul>\n<li>Clionidae Rafinesque, 1815\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cephalobrachia<\/em>\u00a0Bonnevie, 1913<\/li>\n<li><em>Clione<\/em>\u00a0Pallas, 1774<\/li>\n<li><em>Fowlerina<\/em>\u00a0Pelseneer, 1906<\/li>\n<li><em>Massya<\/em>\u00a0Pruvot-Fol, 1924<\/li>\n<li><em>Paedoclione<\/em>\u00a0Danforth, 1907<\/li>\n<li><em>Paraclione<\/em>\u00a0Tesch, 1903<\/li>\n<li><em>Thalassopterus<\/em>\u00a0Kwietniewski, 1910<\/li>\n<li><em>Thliptodon<\/em>\u00a0Boas, 1886<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Cliopsidae O. G. Costa, 1873\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cliopsis<\/em>\u00a0Troschel, 1854<\/li>\n<li><em>Pruvotella<\/em>\u00a0Pruvot-Fol, 1932<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Notobranchaeidae Pelseneer, 1886\n<ul>\n<li><em>Notobranchaea<\/em>\u00a0Pelseneer, 1886<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pneumodermatidae Latreille, 1825\n<ul>\n<li><em>Abranchaea<\/em>\u00a0F.-S. Zhang, 1964<\/li>\n<li><em>Platybrachium<\/em>\u00a0Minichev, 1976<\/li>\n<li><em>Pneumoderma<\/em>\u00a0de Roissy, 1805<\/li>\n<li><em>Pneumodermopsis<\/em>\u00a0W. Keferstein, 1862<\/li>\n<li><em>Schizobrachium<\/em>\u00a0Meisenheimer, 1903<\/li>\n<li><em>Spongiobranchia<\/em>\u00a0A. d&#8217;Orbigny, 1836<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Hydromyloidea Pruvot-Fol, 1942 (1862)\n<ul>\n<li>Hydromylidae Pruvot-Fol, 1942 (1862)\n<ul>\n<li><em>Hydromyles<\/em>\u00a0Gistel, 1848<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Laginiopsidae Pruvot-Fol, 1922\n<ul>\n<li><em>Laginiopsis<\/em>\u00a0Pruvot-Fol, 1922<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pseudothecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905\n<ul>\n<li>Cymbulioidea Gray, 1840\n<ul>\n<li>Cymbuliidae Gray, 1840\n<ul>\n<li>Cymbuliinae Gray, 1840\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cymbulia<\/em>\u00a0F. P\u00e9ron &amp; Lesueur, 1810<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Glebinae van der Spoel, 1976\n<ul>\n<li><em>Corolla<\/em>\u00a0Dall, 1871<\/li>\n<li><em>Gleba<\/em>\u00a0Forssk\u00e5l, 1776<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Desmopteridae Chun, 1889\n<ul>\n<li><em>Desmopterus<\/em>\u00a0Chun, 1889<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Peraclidae Tesch, 1913\n<ul>\n<li><em>Peracle<\/em>\u00a0Forbes, 1844<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>There are about 80 species of pteropods reported worldwide, of which 37 have been reported in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, and about 16 have been reported in Catalan waters.<\/p>\n<p>These are the different subgroups of Pteropoda:<br \/>\n\r\n    <div\r\n        class=\"autonav-grid autonav-columns-3\"\r\n    >\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/euthecosomata\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?fit=500%2C324&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Styliola subula 7 mm (Pacific population) by Pauline Fiene seaslugsofhawaii.com\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?w=500&amp;ssl=1 500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?resize=150%2C97&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?resize=300%2C194&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" data-attachment-id=\"14796\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/euthecosomata\/styliola-subula\/styliola-subula-7-mm-pacific-population-by-pauline-fiene-seaslugsofhawaii-com\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?fit=500%2C324&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"500,324\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Styliola subula 7 mm (Pacific population)  by Pauline Fiene seaslugsofhawaii.com\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Styliola subula 7 mm (Pacific population)  by Pauline Fiene seaslugsofhawaii.com&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Styliola subula 7 mm (Pacific population)  by Pauline Fiene seaslugsofhawaii.com&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Styliola-subula-7-mm-Pacific-population-by-Pauline-Fiene-seaslugsofhawaii.com_.jpg?fit=500%2C324&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Euthecosomata                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/pseudothecosomata\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"394\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/corolla-spectabilis.jpg?fit=650%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Corolla spectabilis\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/corolla-spectabilis.jpg?w=650&amp;ssl=1 650w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/corolla-spectabilis.jpg?resize=300%2C181&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" data-attachment-id=\"4241\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/pseudothecosomata\/corolla-spectabilis\/corolla-spectabilis-2-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/corolla-spectabilis.jpg?fit=650%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"650,394\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Corolla spectabilis\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Corolla spectabilis&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Corolla spectabilis&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/corolla-spectabilis.jpg?fit=650%2C394&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Pseudothecosomata                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/gymnosomata\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Clione limacina by Manuel Ballesteros\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?resize=150%2C99&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" data-attachment-id=\"8578\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/gymnosomata\/clione-limacina\/clione-limacina-2-3\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,533\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Clione limacina by Manuel Ballesteros\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Clione limacina by Manuel Ballesteros&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Clione limacina by Manuel Ballesteros&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Clione-limacina-2.jpg?fit=800%2C533&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Gymnosomata                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pteropods (PTEROPODA= foot shaped like wings) receive this name because they have body expansions working as swimming fins. They form an order of pelagic opisthobranchs including the following suborders: Thecosomates (EUTHECOSOMATA), Pseudothecosomates (PSEUDOTHECOSOMATA) and Gymnosomates (GYMNOSOMATA). Pteropods &#8211; Swimming Mollusks from Parafilms on Vimeo. &nbsp; Classification Actual classification of Pteropods, according to last work by Bouchet et al. (2017) is: Pteropoda Cuvier, 1804 Euthecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905 Cavolinioidea J. E. Gray,\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pteropoda\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":17103,"parent":185,"menu_order":1029,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-25094","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25094"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25094\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47773,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25094\/revisions\/47773"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}