{"id":398,"date":"2012-05-15T20:58:27","date_gmt":"2012-05-15T18:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/berthellina-edwardsiberthellina-edwardsiberthellina-edwardsi"},"modified":"2020-05-30T07:38:21","modified_gmt":"2020-05-30T05:38:21","slug":"berthellina-edwardsii","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/","title":{"rendered":"Berthellina edwardsii"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<h3><em>Berthellina edwardsii<\/em> (Vayssi\u00e8re, 1896)<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size:10pt;\" class=\"aligncenter\"><div id=\"featured-img-id\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-16.jpg?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" \/><\/div><center><em>Berthellina edwardsii<\/em> by Enric Madrenas<\/center><\/span><p><\/p><div class=\"opk-worms\"><h3>WoRMS Taxonomic Information<\/h3><div class=\"opk-success\">Current accepted name: <strong><em>Berthellina edwardsii<\/em> (Vayssi\u00e8re, 1897)<\/strong><\/div><h4>Current classification<\/h4><table class=\"widefat striped\"><tr><th>Superdomain<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1\">Biota<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Kingdom<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=2\">Animalia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Phylum<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=51\">Mollusca<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Class<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=101\">Gastropoda<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=14712\">Heterobranchia<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Infraclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057247\">Euthyneura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Subterclass<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1057249\">Ringipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superorder<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=411966\">Nudipleura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Order<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1059020\">Pleurobranchida<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Superfamily<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=412548\">Pleurobranchoidea<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Family<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1755\">Pleurobranchidae<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Genus<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138362\"><em>Berthellina<\/em><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Species<\/th><td><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181221\"><em>Berthellina edwardsii<\/em> (Vayssi\u00e8re, 1897)<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/table><p class=\"footer\">Classification provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). [<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181221\">181221<\/a>]<\/p><\/div><strong>Taxonomic note:<\/strong> This species has been traditionally confused with <em>Berthella aurantiaca<\/em> because its external morphology is very similar, so much so that it is virtually impossible to distinguish them &#8220;de visu&#8221;. To differentiate these species is mandatory an study of the mandibular structure and the radular teeth. The radula of <em>B. edwardsii<\/em> has numerous denticulate teeth (more than 150) in each semi-row and an elongated jaws and with smooth mandibular parts while the teeth of the radula of <em>B. aurantiaca<\/em> are much less numerous (from 50 to 80 per semi-row) ) the mandibles are shorter and with the mandibular parts with denticles on the sides. Adult specimens can also be differentiated by the size of the inner shell, which in <em>B.edwardsii<\/em> never exceeds 5.5mm (in specimens up to 60mm) since it stops growing when the animals reach circa 15mm in length (Jakov Prki\u0107, com.pers.), whereas in <em>Berthella aurantiaca<\/em>\u00a0the shell is proportionally larger (Vayssi\u00e8re reported a 15mm shell in a 30mm specimen), as it protects the entire visceral mass.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Synonyms<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Berthella edwardsii<\/i>\u00a0Vayssi\u00e8re, 1896<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Description<br \/>\n<\/strong>This species can reach a size up to 60 mm in length, although specimens usually seen in the upper infralittoral usually measure between 20 and 30 mm in length. The body is characteristically highly domed and their color is very striking: orange or uniform yellowish orange. The mantle covers the entire animal but the rhinophores, the cephalic veil and back of the foot, that protrudes slightly. The mantle, apparently smooth, when viewed under binocular microscope shows tiny round bumps that form and dissolve in the living animal, and also numerous and very tight rounded structures corresponding to the output of the ducts of the acidic glandular formations that characterize the majority of the Pleurobrancomorphs species. The internal shell cannot be seen by transparency through the mantle tissue, as in other species of Berthella. The shell is flat and auriculate and is covered by a thin membranous periostracum. The cephalic veil is frustoconical shaped with a wider anterior area; ventrally, the cephalic veil is crossed laterally. Auriculate rhinophores can be seen over the cephalic veil, they emerge together from the base and are directed somewhat obliquely in the form of &#8220;V&#8221;. Rhinophores are of the same color as the body and can be retracted below the anterior mantle. When they are fully extended some slight folds transverse along their surface. The eyes can be seen right behind of the external side of the rhinophores base. The gill is located on the right of the body, between the mantle and the foot, it is bipinnate and has about a dozen lamellas to each side of the central axis. Under the binocular microscope shows that each lamella is also finely pinnulated. The anal orifice is located just above the gill. The foot is broad and oval shaped even in the tail, which is rounded. The color is of lighter yellow than the body and in the center you can see a brown spot due to the viscera below. All along the edge of the foot there is a groove that completely surrounds it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology<br \/>\n<\/strong>Studying the anatomy of the specimens that have been found in the north of the Costa Brava, under stones, down to 15-20 meters deep, we have concluded that they all belong to <em>B. edwardsii<\/em>. Because there has been confusion with <em>B. aurantiaca<\/em>, few biological data can be secured to <em>B. edwardsii<\/em>. It could feed on encrusting sponges such as <em>Corticium sp.<\/em>, <em>Tethya aurantium<\/em>,<em> Aaptos aaptos<\/em> and <em>Hemimycale sp.<\/em>, all being species that live on the underside of stones where the opistobranch could be found.\u00a0The spawn consists of a flat light colored ribbon wound in spiral and attached to the substrate by one of its sides, forming characteristic undulations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Etymology<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #333333;\">\n<li><em>Berthellina<\/em>. Probably dedicated to Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880), a French naturalyst who enrolled the Navy and participated in the Napoleonic wars. He lived part of his life at the Canary islands, in his post as French consul in Tenerife. The abbreviation \u201c<em>Berth<\/em>\u201d is used to indicate Sabin Berthelot as an authority in the scientific botanical description and classification. He wrote the \u201cHistoria Natural de Canarias\u201d and directed the Botanical Garden of Puerto de la Cruz.<\/li>\n<li><em>Edwardsii.\u00a0<\/em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dedicate to Henry Milne-Edwards (1800-1885), a French zoologyst\u00a0supporting the study of animals in their natural environment and not from stuffed specimens.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Distribution<br \/>\n<\/strong>Because of confusion with <em>B. aurantiaca<\/em>, reports of\u00a0<em>B. edwardsii <\/em>should be confirmed. Cervera et al. (2004) conclude, however, that this species is found throughout the Iberian coast, the Balearic Islands, Madeira, Azores and Cape Verde. It is cited as <em>Berthella plumula<\/em>, <em>B. engeli<\/em> and <em>B. citrina<\/em> also on the coasts of France, Italy and other Mediterranean areas. In the Catalan coast <em>B. edwardsii <\/em>is a common species along the northern coast of the Costa Brava, in places like Cala Sant Antoni, Es Caials and the Medes Islands.\u00a0VIMAR group has studied the anatomy and\u00a0morphology of specimens\u00a0<em>aurantiaca \/ edwardsii\u00a0<\/em>found in the Costa Brava (N.E. Spain), under stones, from the lower tide area down to 15-20 m deep and, so far, they are all\u00a0<em>B. edwardsii\u00a0<\/em>.<br \/>\n<div id=\"flxmap-6a6d4b50067fa\" class='flxmap-container' data-flxmap='flxmap_6a6d4b50067fa' style=\"width:100%;height:400px;\"><\/div>\n<script data-noptimize=\"1\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n(function(w, fn) {\n if (w.addEventListener) w.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", fn, false);\n else if (w.attachEvent) w.attachEvent(\"onload\", fn);\n})(window, function() {\n var f = new FlexibleMap();\n f.panControl = true;\n f.mapTypeId = \"satellite\";\n f.setlocale(\"en-US\");\n f.kmlcache = \"5 minutes\";\n f.showKML(\"flxmap-6a6d4b50067fa\", \"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/398.kmz\");\n window.flxmap_6a6d4b50067fa = f;\n});\n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n<div style=\"width:100%;text-align:center;margin:12px 0 4px 0;\">\n  <div style=\"font-size:8pt;margin-bottom:6px;\">Known georeferenced records of the species: <em>Berthellina edwardsii<\/em><\/div>\n  <table style=\"margin:0 auto;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:8pt;\">\n    <tr><td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:left;padding-bottom:4px;\"><strong>Sources:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n    <tr>\n      <td style=\"vertical-align:top;padding-right:40px;\">\n        <table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\">\n<tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/wht-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>OBIS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/ylw-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>GROC 2010-2011<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/grn-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Enric Madrenas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/orange-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Jo\u00e3o Pedro Silva<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/pink-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Bernard Picton<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/blk-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>GBIF<\/td><\/tr>        <\/table>\n      <\/td>\n      <td style=\"vertical-align:top;\">\n        <table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;\">\n<tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/purple-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>OPK<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/red-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>VIMAR<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/blu-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Manuel Ballesteros<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/cyan-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>M@re Nostrum<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/grey-circle-lv.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Altres fonts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style='padding:1px 6px 1px 0;vertical-align:middle'><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/kms\/marreg.png?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" style='display:block'><\/td><td style='padding:1px 0;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap'>Marine Regions<\/td><\/tr>        <\/table>\n      <\/td>\n    <\/tr>\n  <\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Error:<\/strong> Chart.js no est\u00e1 disponible.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Videos<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/406774335?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; fullscreen\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>More pictures<br \/>\n<\/strong><div class=\"tiled-gallery type-rectangular tiled-gallery-unresized\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-carousel-extra='{&quot;blog_id&quot;:1,&quot;permalink&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/opistobranquis.info\\\/en\\\/guia\\\/pleurobranchida\\\/berthellina-edwardsii\\\/&quot;,&quot;likes_blog_id&quot;:44192421}' itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageGallery\" > <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 734px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"734\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 539px; height: 734px;\" data-original-width=\"539\" data-original-height=\"734\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-00\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"535\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"730\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4161\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-00.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"447,610\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-00.jpg?fit=219%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-00.jpg?fit=447%2C610&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-00.jpg?w=535&#038;h=730&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-00.jpg?w=447&amp;ssl=1 447w, 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srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-03.jpg?w=810&amp;ssl=1 810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-03.jpg?resize=300%2C202&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"357\" height=\"241\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"357\" data-original-height=\"241\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 357px; height: 241px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-05\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"357\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"241\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4163\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-05.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"810,545\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-05.jpg?fit=300%2C201&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-05.jpg?fit=810%2C545&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-05.jpg?w=357&#038;h=241&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"357\" height=\"241\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"357\" data-original-height=\"241\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 357px; height: 241px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-09\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"357\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"240\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4164\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"810,545\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg?fit=300%2C201&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg?fit=810%2C545&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg?w=357&#038;h=240&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg?w=810&amp;ssl=1 810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-09.jpg?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"357\" height=\"240\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"357\" data-original-height=\"240\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 357px; height: 240px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 601px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"601\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-2\" style=\"width: 445px; height: 601px;\" data-original-width=\"445\" data-original-height=\"601\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-10\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"441\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"297\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4165\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"810,545\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg?fit=300%2C201&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg?fit=810%2C545&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg?w=441&#038;h=297&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg?w=810&amp;ssl=1 810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-10.jpg?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"441\" height=\"297\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"441\" data-original-height=\"297\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 441px; height: 297px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-13\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"441\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"296\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4166\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"810,545\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg?fit=300%2C201&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg?fit=810%2C545&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg?w=441&#038;h=296&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg?w=810&amp;ssl=1 810w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-13.jpg?resize=300%2C201&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"441\" height=\"296\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"441\" data-original-height=\"296\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 441px; height: 296px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 455px; height: 601px;\" data-original-width=\"455\" data-original-height=\"601\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-17\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"451\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"597\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4168\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"461,610\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg?fit=226%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg?fit=461%2C610&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg?w=451&#038;h=597&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg?w=461&amp;ssl=1 461w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-17.jpg?resize=226%2C300&amp;ssl=1 226w\" width=\"451\" height=\"597\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"451\" data-original-height=\"597\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 451px; height: 597px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 435px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"435\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 575px; height: 435px;\" data-original-width=\"575\" data-original-height=\"435\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-19\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"571\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"431\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"4169\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"808,610\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg?fit=300%2C226&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg?fit=808%2C610&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg?w=571&#038;h=431&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg?w=808&amp;ssl=1 808w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/berthellina-edwardsii-19.jpg?resize=300%2C226&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"571\" height=\"431\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"571\" data-original-height=\"431\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas\" style=\"width: 571px; height: 431px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii by Enric Madrenas <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-2\" style=\"width: 325px; height: 435px;\" data-original-width=\"325\" data-original-height=\"435\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-3-portugal-by-joao-pedro-silva\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"321\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"214\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"15905\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,533\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=300%2C199&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=321&#038;h=214&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=150%2C99&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-3-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"321\" height=\"214\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"321\" data-original-height=\"214\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" style=\"width: 321px; height: 214px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva <\/div> <\/div> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-4-portugal-by-joao-pedro-silva\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"321\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"213\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"15906\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,533\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=300%2C199&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=321&#038;h=213&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=150%2C99&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-4-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"321\" height=\"213\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"321\" data-original-height=\"213\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" style=\"width: 321px; height: 213px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 301px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"301\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 450px; height: 301px;\" data-original-width=\"450\" data-original-height=\"301\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-5-portugal-by-joao-pedro-silva\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"446\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"297\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"15907\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,533\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=300%2C199&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=446&#038;h=297&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=150%2C99&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-5-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"446\" height=\"297\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"446\" data-original-height=\"297\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" style=\"width: 446px; height: 297px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 450px; height: 301px;\" data-original-width=\"450\" data-original-height=\"301\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-portugal-by-joao-pedro-silva\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"446\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"297\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"15908\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,533\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=300%2C199&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?fit=800%2C533&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=446&#038;h=297&#038;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?w=800&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=150%2C99&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Berthellina-edwardsii-Portugal-by-Joao-Pedro-Silva.jpg?resize=300%2C199&amp;ssl=1 300w\" width=\"446\" height=\"297\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"446\" data-original-height=\"297\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" alt=\"Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva\" style=\"width: 446px; height: 297px;\" \/> <\/a> <div class=\"tiled-gallery-caption\" itemprop=\"caption description\"> Berthellina edwardsii (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <!-- close group --> <\/div> <!-- close row --> <div class=\"gallery-row\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 637px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"637\" > <div class=\"gallery-group images-1\" style=\"width: 900px; height: 637px;\" data-original-width=\"900\" data-original-height=\"637\" > <div class=\"tiled-gallery-item tiled-gallery-item-large\" itemprop=\"associatedMedia\" itemscope itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/berthellina-edwardsii-concha-41mm-y-animal-66mm-rio-carreras-isla-cristina\/\" border=\"0\" itemprop=\"url\"> <meta itemprop=\"width\" content=\"896\"> <meta itemprop=\"height\" content=\"633\"> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" data-attachment-id=\"30234\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Berthellina-edwardsii.-Concha-41mm-y-animal-66mm.-R\u00edo-Carreras.-Isla-Cristina.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"798,564\" data-comments-opened=\"\" data-image-title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by J.F.Mart\u00edn \u00c1lvarez. Concha 4,1mm y animal 66mm. R\u00edo Carreras. Isla Cristina\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Berthellina edwardsii. Concha 4,1mm y animal 66mm. R\u00edo Carreras. Isla Cristina&lt;\/p&gt; \" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Berthellina-edwardsii.-Concha-41mm-y-animal-66mm.-R%C3%ADo-Carreras.-Isla-Cristina.jpg?fit=300%2C212&#038;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Berthellina-edwardsii.-Concha-41mm-y-animal-66mm.-R%C3%ADo-Carreras.-Isla-Cristina.jpg?fit=798%2C564&#038;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Berthellina-edwardsii.-Concha-41mm-y-animal-66mm.-R%C3%ADo-Carreras.-Isla-Cristina.jpg?w=896&#038;h=633&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"896\" height=\"633\" loading=\"lazy\" data-original-width=\"896\" data-original-height=\"633\" itemprop=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/image\" title=\"Berthellina edwardsii by J.F.Mart\u00edn \u00c1lvarez. Concha 4,1mm y animal 66mm. R\u00edo Carreras. 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Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertedwa&#039;>http:\/\/seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertedwa<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-34KX5824\" data-zp-author-date='S\u00e1nchez-Tocino-2001' data-zp-date-author='2001-S\u00e1nchez-Tocino' data-zp-date='2001' data-zp-year='2001' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">S\u00e1nchez Tocino, L. (2001). Berthellina edwardsi accessed through: Opistobranquios de la Costa de Granada on 2014-12-14. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.ugr.es\/~lstocino\/berthellina_edwardsi.htm&#039;>http:\/\/www.ugr.es\/~lstocino\/berthellina_edwardsi.htm<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-VXQ6AJHG\" data-zp-author-date='S\u00e1nchez-Tocino-2018' data-zp-date-author='2018-S\u00e1nchez-Tocino' data-zp-date='2018' data-zp-year='2018' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">S\u00e1nchez-Tocino, L. (2018). El Litoral de Granada - Opistobranquios. <i>El Litoral de Granada<\/i>. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;https:\/\/litoraldegranada.ugr.es\/el-litoral\/el-litoral-sumergido\/fauna\/moluscos\/gasteropodos\/opistobranquios\/&#039;>https:\/\/litoraldegranada.ugr.es\/el-litoral\/el-litoral-sumergido\/fauna\/moluscos\/gasteropodos\/opistobranquios\/<\/a> [Accedido 3 de enero de 2019]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-X4ZW6P89\" data-zp-author-date='Templado-and-Villanueva-2010' data-zp-date-author='2010-Templado-and-Villanueva' data-zp-date='2010' data-zp-year='2010' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Templado, J., Villanueva, R. (2010). Checklist of Phylum Mollusca. pp. 148-198 In Coll, M., et al., 2010. The biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: estimates, patterns, and threats. <i>PLoS ONE 5(8):36pp.<\/i><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-KWJ5PPDT\" data-zp-author-date='Templado-et-al.-1993' data-zp-date-author='1993-Templado-et-al.' data-zp-date='1993' data-zp-year='1993' data-zp-itemtype='book' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Templado, J., Guerra, A., Bedoya, J., Moreno, D., Rem\u00f3n, J. M., Maldonado, M., Ramos, M. A. (1993). <i>Fauna marina circalitoral del sur de la Pen\u00ednsula Ib\u00e9rica; Resultados de la campa\u00f1a oceanogr\u00e1fica \u201cFauna I\u201d.<\/i> Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-2QZG47F9\" data-zp-author-date='Trainito-and-Doneddu-2014' data-zp-date-author='2014-Trainito-and-Doneddu' data-zp-date='2014' data-zp-year='2014' data-zp-itemtype='book' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Trainito, E., Doneddu, M. (2014). <i>Nudibranchi del Mediterraneo<\/i> (2nd.). Il Castello.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-P6W3JVH8\" data-zp-author-date='Vayssi\u00e8re-1896' data-zp-date-author='1896-Vayssi\u00e8re' data-zp-date='1896' data-zp-year='1896' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Vayssi\u00e8re, A. (1896). Description des coquilles de quelques esp\u00e8ces nouvelles ou peu connues de Pleurobranchid\u00e9s. <i>Journal de Conchyliologie 44: 113-137, pl. 4-5<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-6VQBVE7A\" data-zp-author-date='Wirtz-1999' data-zp-date-author='1999-Wirtz' data-zp-date='1999' data-zp-year='1999' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wirtz, P. (1999). Opisthobranch Molluscs from the archipelago of Madeira. <i>Vita Marina<\/i>, <i>46<\/i>(1-2), 1-18.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-398-1246567-7EGYZ8LE\" data-zp-author-date='WoRMS-Editorial-Board-2026' data-zp-date-author='2026-WoRMS-Editorial-Board' data-zp-date='2026' data-zp-year='2026' data-zp-itemtype='webpage' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. <i>WoRMS<\/i>. Disponible en: <a class=&#039;zp-ItemURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org&#039;>http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n<p><\/p>Bibliography based on the works by <b>Steve Long, 2006<\/b>. <a target=_blank href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Long-S.-2006-Bibliography-of-Opisthobranchia-1554-2000.pdf>Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000<\/a> and <b>Gary McDonald, 2009<\/b>. <a href=http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz>Bibliographia Nudibranchia<\/a>, with later updates from other resources.<p><\/p><\/ul><p><\/p><p><strong>Further reading<\/strong><\/p><span style=\"font-size:10pt\"><ul><ul class=\"blogroll-links\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.asturnatura.com\/especie\/berthellina-edwardsi.html\">AsturNatura<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/name\/Berthellina%20edwardsii\">Biodiversity Heritage Library<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biologiamarina.org\/wp\/bertellina-di-edwuards\/\">BiologiaMarina.org<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cibsub.com\/bioespecie_es-berthellina_edwardsii-27914\">CIB - Club Immersio Biologia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/doris.ffessm.fr\/fiche2.asp?fiche_numero=391\">DORIS<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/litoraldegranada.ugr.es\/el-litoral\/el-litoral-sumergido\/fauna\/moluscos\/gasteropodos\/opistobranquios\/pleurobrancomorfos\/berthellina-edwarsi\/\">El Litoral de Granada<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/search\/?text=Berthellina%20edwardsii\">Flickr pictures<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.opistobranquis.org\/ca\/guia\/20\">GROC<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.irmng.org\/aphia.php?p=taxlist&#038;tName=Berthellina%20edwardsii\">Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20250116074557\/http:\/\/medslugs.de\/E\/Med\/Berthellina_edwardsii\/Selection.htm\">MedSlugs (Med)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Taxonomy\/Browser\/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&#038;name=Berthellina%20edwardsii&#038;lvl=0&#038;srchmode=1\">NCBI GenBank<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/iobis.org\/mapper\/?taxon=Berthellina%20edwardsii\">OBIS - Search by Taxon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.seaslugforum.net\/showall\/bertedwa\">Sea Slug Forum<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/slugsite.us\/bow\/wirtz98\/p_2_1.htm\">The SlugSite<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.marinespecies.org\/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&#038;id=181221\">World Register of Marine Species<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/ul><\/span><p><strong>Cite this article as: <\/strong><\/p><div style=\"display: block; background: #444444; padding: 10px 30px 10px 10px; border-radius: 5px; line-height: 18px;\"><p class=\"citacio\"><b>Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. &#38; Pontes, M.<\/b> (2025) <em>\"Berthellina edwardsii\"<\/em> in <em>OPK-Opistobranquis<\/em>. Published: 15\/05\/2012. Accessed: 01\/08\/2026. Available at (<a href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=398>https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/?p=398<\/a>)<\/p><p><\/p><\/div><p><\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Berthellina edwardsii (Vayssi\u00e8re, 1896) Taxonomic note: This species has been traditionally confused with Berthella aurantiaca because its external morphology is very similar, so much so that it is virtually impossible to distinguish them &#8220;de visu&#8221;. To differentiate these species is mandatory an study of the mandibular structure and the radular teeth. The radula of B. edwardsii has numerous denticulate teeth (more than 150) in each semi-row and an elongated jaws\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/pleurobranchida\/berthellina-edwardsii\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":291,"featured_media":4167,"parent":7852,"menu_order":5090,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-398","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/291"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=398"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/398\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30235,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/398\/revisions\/30235"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7852"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}