{"id":6333,"date":"2013-02-04T23:18:55","date_gmt":"2013-02-04T22:18:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/acochlidiaceaacochlidiaceaacochlidiacea"},"modified":"2026-05-14T15:08:05","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T13:08:05","slug":"acochlidiimorpha","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/","title":{"rendered":"Acochlidiimorpha"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This is a small group of Heterobranchs comprising about 30 species worldwide and living in the interstitial marine or freshwater medium. They have been very poorly studied, they are very small and have a somewhat aberrant body morphology for being molluscs. They have adapted to live and move between the sediment particles.<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><div id=\"featured-img-id\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/acochlidium-fijiensis-e1360018331223.jpg?w=900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Acochlidiacea\" \/><\/div><em>Acochlidium fijiiensis<\/em> Haynes &amp; Kenchington, 1991<br \/>\n<a title=\"Wikipedia\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wikipedia.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.wikipedia.org<\/a><\/h6>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>They have an elongated body, with no shell when adults, and a mantle that usually has numerous spicules. They have no gills nor mantle cavity and the head has oral tentacles and rhinophores. Generally the sexes are separated. They possibly feed on microorganisms that live in the interstitial medium.<\/p>\n<p>Traditionally considered a peculiar group of opisthobranchs, recent works by Jorger et al. (2010) and Schr\u00f6dl et al. (2011) tend to classify them closer to pulmonate gastropods within the clade Panpulmonata.<\/p>\n<p>The taxonomy of Acochlidiimorpha according to recent work by Bouchet et al. (2017)\u00a0is:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Acochlidiimorpha<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Acochlidioidea K\u00fcthe, 1935\n<ul>\n<li>Acochlidiidae K\u00fcthe, 1935<\/li>\n<li>Aitengidae Swennen &amp; Buatip, 2009\n<ul>\n<li><em>Aiteng<\/em>\u00a0Swennen &amp; Buatip, 2009<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Bathyhedylidae Neusser, J\u00f6rger, Lodde-Bensch, E. E. Strong &amp; Schr\u00f6dl, 2016\n<ul>\n<li><em>Bathyhedyle<\/em>\u00a0Neusser, J\u00f6rger, Lodde-Bensch, E. E. Strong &amp; Schr\u00f6dl, 2016<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Hedylopsidae Odhner, 1952\n<ul>\n<li><em>Hedylopsis<\/em>\u00a0Thiele, 1931<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pseudunelidae Rankin, 1979\n<ul>\n<li><em>Pseudunela<\/em>\u00a0Salvini-Plawen, 1973<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Parhedyloidea Thiele, 1931\n<ul>\n<li>Asperspinidae Rankin, 1979\n<ul>\n<li><em>Asperspina<\/em>\u00a0Rankin, 1979<\/li>\n<li><em>Minicheviella<\/em>\u00a0Starobogatov, 1983<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Parhedylidae Thiele, 1931\n<ul>\n<li><em>Ganitus<\/em>\u00a0Er. Marcus, 1953<\/li>\n<li><em>Microhedyle<\/em>\u00a0Hertling, 1930<\/li>\n<li><em>Paraganitus<\/em>\u00a0Challis, 1968<\/li>\n<li><em>Parhedyle<\/em>\u00a0Thiele, 1931<\/li>\n<li><em>Pontohedyle<\/em>\u00a0A. N. Golikov &amp; Starobogatov, 1972<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6341\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6341\" data-attachment-id=\"6341\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-7\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113.jpg?fit=717%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"717,549\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Pontohedyle milaschewitchii\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Pontohedyle milaschewitchii (Kowalevsky, 1901)&lt;br \/&gt;\nA) Esquema de un ejemplar entero en vista dorsal (dg: gl\u00e1ndula digestiva; ey: ojos; lt: tent\u00e1culo labial; sp1 y sp2: esp\u00edculas; vs: saco visceral)&lt;br \/&gt;\nB, C) Fotografias ejemplar vivo mostrando la variaci\u00f3n de su forma externa en movimiento. (Jorger et al, 2008)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113.jpg?fit=717%2C549&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"mobil wp-image-6341 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113-300x229.jpg?resize=300%2C229&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Pontohedyle milaschewitchii (Kowalevsky, 1901) A) Esquema de un ejemplar entero en vista dorsal (dg: gl\u00e1ndula digestiva; ey: ojos; lt: tent\u00e1culo labial; sp1 y sp2: esp\u00edculas; vs: saco visceral) B, C) Fotografias ejemplar vivo mostrando la variaci\u00f3n de su forma externa en movimiento. (Jorger et al, 2008)\" width=\"300\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113.jpg?resize=300%2C229&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113.jpg?resize=150%2C114&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-e1360018442113.jpg?w=717&amp;ssl=1 717w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6341\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em> Pontohedyle milaschewitchii<\/em> (Kowalevsky, 1901)<br \/>A) Schema of a typical specimen in dorsal view (dg: digestive gland; ey: eyes; lt: labial tentacle; sp1 &amp; sp2: spicules; vs: visceral sac)<br \/>B, C) Pictures showing living specimen. (Jorger et al, 2008)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In the Mediterranean and around the Iberian Peninsula the following species have been reported:<\/p>\n<p>\r\n    <div\r\n        class=\"autonav-grid autonav-columns-3\"\r\n    >\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/asperspina-loricata\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"644\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Asperpina-loricata-%40-Mesa-do-Con-R%C3%ADa-de-Arousa-05.05.1981-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474020103.jpg?fit=900%2C644&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Asperspina loricata @ Mesa do Con, R\u00eda de Arousa, 05.05.1981 by V. Urgorri\" loading=\"lazy\" data-attachment-id=\"18638\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/asperspina-loricata\/olympus-digital-camera-57\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Asperpina-loricata-%40-Mesa-do-Con-R%C3%ADa-de-Arousa-05.05.1981-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474020103.jpg?fit=800%2C573&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,573\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Asperspina loricata @ Mesa do Con, R\u00eda de Arousa, 05.05.1981 by V. Urgorri\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Asperspina loricata @ Mesa do Con, R\u00eda de Arousa, 05.05.1981 by V. Urgorri&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Asperspina loricata @ Mesa do Con, R\u00eda de Arousa, 05.05.1981&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Asperpina-loricata-%40-Mesa-do-Con-R%C3%ADa-de-Arousa-05.05.1981-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474020103.jpg?fit=900%2C644&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Asperspina loricata                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/hedylopsis-spiculifera\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"599\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Hedylopsis-spiculifera%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474047415.jpg?fit=900%2C599&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Hedylopsis spiculifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri\" loading=\"lazy\" data-attachment-id=\"18639\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/hedylopsis-spiculifera\/olympus-digital-camera-58\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Hedylopsis-spiculifera%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474047415.jpg?fit=800%2C532&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,532\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Hedylopsis spiculifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Hedylopsis spiculifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Hedylopsis spiculifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Hedylopsis-spiculifera%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474047415.jpg?fit=900%2C599&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Hedylopsis spiculifera                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/microhedyle-glandulifera\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"653\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Microhedyle-glandulifera-%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474072163.jpg?fit=900%2C653&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Microhedyle glandulifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri\" loading=\"lazy\" data-attachment-id=\"18640\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/microhedyle-glandulifera\/olympus-digital-camera-59\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Microhedyle-glandulifera-%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474072163.jpg?fit=800%2C580&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,580\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Microhedyle glandulifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Microhedyle glandulifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004 by V. Urgorri&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Microhedyle glandulifera @ Cari\u00f1o, R\u00eda de Ferrol, 10.02.2004&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Microhedyle-glandulifera-%40-Cari%C3%B1o-R%C3%ADa-de-Ferrol-10.02.2004-by-V.-Urgorri-e1425474072163.jpg?fit=900%2C653&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Microhedyle glandulifera                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n            \r\n            <article class=\"autonav-card\">\r\n\r\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/pontohedyle-milaschewitchii\/\">\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                        <div class=\"autonav-image\">\r\n\r\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"488\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-%40-Brasil-by-J%C3%B6rger-et-al-2008.jpg?fit=650%2C488&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"autonav-thumb\" alt=\"Pontohedyle milaschewitchii @ Brasil by J\u00f6rger et al, 2008\" loading=\"lazy\" data-attachment-id=\"20522\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/pontohedyle-milaschewitchii\/pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-brasil-by-jorger-et-al-2008\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-%40-Brasil-by-J%C3%B6rger-et-al-2008.jpg?fit=650%2C488&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"650,488\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Pontohedyle milaschewitchii @ Brasil by J\u00f6rger et al, 2008\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Pontohedyle milaschewitchii @ Brasil by J\u00f6rger et al, 2008&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Pontohedyle milaschewitchii @ Brasil&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Pontohedyle-milaschewitchii-%40-Brasil-by-J%C3%B6rger-et-al-2008.jpg?fit=650%2C488&amp;ssl=1\" \/>\r\n                        <\/div>\r\n\r\n                    \r\n                    <div class=\"autonav-content\">\r\n\r\n                        <h3>\r\n                            Pontohedyle milaschewitchii                        <\/h3>\r\n\r\n                    <\/div>\r\n\r\n                <\/a>\r\n\r\n            <\/article>\r\n\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\r\n\r\n    To date, the only published work on interstitial sea slugs in Catalonia is that of Fern\u00e1ndez-Sim\u00f3n, Salvador and Moles (2025), focused on new species and records of mesopsammic sea slugs from the Western Mediterranean, reflecting the scarcity of studies on this group and on marine interstitial fauna in general.<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p><ul><div id=\"zotpress-6d6917809c3263c9c6d9c062feb9d616\" class=\"zp-Zotpress zp-Zotpress-Bib wp-block-group\">\n\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_API_USER_ID ZP_ATTR\">1246567<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ITEM_KEY ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_COLLECTION_ID ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TAG_ID ZP_ATTR\">Acochlidiimorpha<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_AUTHOR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_YEAR ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_ITEMTYPE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_INCLUSIVE ZP_ATTR\">1<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_STYLE ZP_ATTR\">eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_LIMIT ZP_ATTR\">50<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_SORTBY ZP_ATTR\">creator<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ORDER ZP_ATTR\">asc<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TITLE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_SHOWIMAGE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_SHOWTAGS ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_DOWNLOADABLE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_NOTES ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_ABSTRACT ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_CITEABLE ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_TARGET ZP_ATTR\">1<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_URLWRAP ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZP_FORCENUM ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_HIGHLIGHT ZP_ATTR\"><\/span>\n        <span class=\"ZP_POSTID ZP_ATTR\">6333<\/span>\n\t\t<span class=\"ZOTPRESS_PLUGIN_URL ZP_ATTR\">https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/plugins\/zotpress\/<\/span>\n\n\t\t<div class=\"zp-List loading\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"zp-SEO-Content\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"ZP_JSON 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Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). <i>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society<\/i>, <i>158<\/i>(1), 124-154. <a class=&#039;zp-DOIURL&#039; target=&#039;_blank&#039; href=&#039;https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2009.00544.x&#039;>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2009.00544.x<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-5AHUMBQ4\" data-zp-author-date='Schr\u00f6dl-et-al.-2008' data-zp-date-author='2008-Schr\u00f6dl-et-al.' data-zp-date='2008' data-zp-year='2008' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Schr\u00f6dl, M., J\u00f6rger, K. M., Neusser, T. P. (2008). Phylogeny and Evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia): From Morphology to Sequences. <i>Journal of Morphology<\/i>, <i>269<\/i>(12), 1464-1465.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-PDWATR42\" data-zp-author-date='Schr\u00f6dl-et-al.-2011' data-zp-date-author='2011-Schr\u00f6dl-et-al.' data-zp-date='2011' data-zp-year='2011' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Schr\u00f6dl, M., J\u00f6rger, K., Klussmann-Kolb, A., Wilson, N. (2011). Bye Bye \u201cOpisthobranchia\u201d! a review on the contribution of mesopsammic sea slugs to euthyneuran systematics. <i>Thalassas<\/i>, <i>27<\/i>(2), 101-112.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-389CQH9W\" data-zp-author-date='Sommerfeldt-and-Schr\u00f6dl-2005' data-zp-date-author='2005-Sommerfeldt-and-Schr\u00f6dl' data-zp-date='2005' data-zp-year='2005' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Sommerfeldt, N., Schr\u00f6dl, M. (2005). Microanatomy of Hedylopsis ballantinei, a new interstitial acochlidian gastropod from the Red Sea, and its significance for phylogeny. <i>Journal of Molluscan Studies, 71(2): 153-165<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-4GVVG47Q\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1978' data-zp-date-author='1978-Wawra' data-zp-date='1978' data-zp-year='1978' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1978). Zur Identit\u00e4t von Microhedyle glandulifera (Kowalewski, 1901) und Microhedyle lactea (Hertling, 1930) (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia, Acochlidiacea). <i>Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 81: 607-617<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-PA3P4DM4\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1980' data-zp-date-author='1980-Wawra' data-zp-date='1980' data-zp-year='1980' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1980). Acochlidium bayerfehlmanni spec. nov (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Acochlidiacea) from Palau Island. Veliger 22:215-218, 2 pls.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-W6P8UAVK\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1979' data-zp-date-author='1979-Wawra' data-zp-date='1979' data-zp-year='1979' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1979). Acochlidium sutteri nov spec. (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia, Acochlidiacea) von Sumba, Indonesien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 82:595-604, 4 pls.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-SBHFUWUN\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1992' data-zp-date-author='1992-Wawra' data-zp-date='1992' data-zp-year='1992' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1992). Sperm transfer in Acochlidiacea. P.103, In: Abstracts of the Eleventh International Malacological Congress, Siena.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-PTSHWTJU\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1974' data-zp-date-author='1974-Wawra' data-zp-date='1974' data-zp-year='1974' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1974). The rediscovery of Strubellia paradoxa (Strubell) (Gastropoda: Euthyneura: Acochlidiacea) on the Solomon Islands. Veliger 17:8-10.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\t\t\t\t<div id=\"zp-ID-6333-1246567-BMXDIWSD\" data-zp-author-date='Wawra-1989' data-zp-date-author='1989-Wawra' data-zp-date='1989' data-zp-year='1989' data-zp-itemtype='journalArticle' class=\"zp-Entry zpSearchResultsItem\">\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; padding-left: 1em; text-indent:-1em;\">\n  <div class=\"csl-entry\">Wawra, E. (1989). Zur Kenntnis der interstitiellen Opisthobranchierart Hedylopsis spiculifera (Kowalevsky) (Mollusca, Gastropoda). <i>Zoologica Scripta, 18(3): 397\u2013403<\/i>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-Entry .zpSearchResultsItem -->\n\t\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-zp-SEO-Content -->\n\t\t<\/div><!-- .zp-List -->\n\t<\/div><!--.zp-Zotpress-->\n\n<p><\/p>Bibliography based on the works by <b>Steve Long, 2006<\/b>. <a target=_blank href=https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Long-S.-2006-Bibliography-of-Opisthobranchia-1554-2000.pdf>Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000<\/a> and <b>Gary McDonald, 2009<\/b>. <a href=http:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8115h0wz>Bibliographia Nudibranchia<\/a>, with later updates from other resources.<p><\/p><\/ul><p><\/p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is a small group of Heterobranchs comprising about 30 species worldwide and living in the interstitial marine or freshwater medium. They have been very poorly studied, they are very small and have a somewhat aberrant body morphology for being molluscs. They have adapted to live and move between the sediment particles. Acochlidium fijiiensis Haynes &amp; Kenchington, 1991 http:\/\/www.wikipedia.org &nbsp; They have an elongated body, with no shell when adults,\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/guia\/acochlidiimorpha\/\">Continue reading<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":291,"featured_media":6340,"parent":185,"menu_order":1020,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6333","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6333","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/291"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6333"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48375,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6333\/revisions\/48375"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/opistobranquis.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}