Phidiana militaris (Alder & Hancock, 1864)
Phidiana militaris @ Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Hong Kong (6m) 20°C, 17-04-2016 por Markus Rummel
Taxonomía | Superdomain | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Ringipleura |
| Superorder | Nudipleura |
| Order | Nudibranchia |
| Suborder | Cladobranchia |
| Superfamily | Aeolidioidea |
| Family | Facelinidae |
| Genus | Phidiana |
| Species | Phidiana militaris (Alder & Hancock, 1864) |
| |
| Clasificación según Bouchet et al. (2017) Fuente taxonómica: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 404960). |
Sinónimos
- Caloria militaris (Alder & Hancock, 1864)
- Eolis militaris Alder & Hancock, 1864 (original)
- Hervia dangeri Risbec, 1953
- Learchis howensis Burn, 1966
Descripción
Con una longitud máxima de 30 mm (Debelius, 2001), tiene el cuerpo de color pálido o blanco, de forma alargada y que termina en una cola larga y apuntada, bastante por detrás de las cerata. Una línea media de color naranja brillante se bifurca en la parte anterior de la cabeza, con sendas ramas recorriendo el borde frontal de cada tentáculo oral. Otra línea de color naranja se extiende a lo largo del borde posterior de cada tentáculo oral, recorriendo cada lado del cuerpo por debajo de las cerata. Las cerata son largas y lisas, ligeramente hinchadas en el centro, y crecen en seis grupos a ambos lados del cuerpo, los últimos grupos casi se encuentran en la parte posterior. Los cerata son de color marrón con una línea de color naranja o rojo longitudinal, con los extremos distales de color amarillo, también tienen una línea azulada y acaban en una punta terminal de color blanco. Los tentáculos orales son grandes, sólidos y se estrechan hacia el extremo, compartiendo el esquema de color de las cerata. Los rinóforos tienen una banda ancha de color rojo o naranja, y el extremo amarillo. Los extremos de los tentáculos propodiales también son amarillos. El ano se encuentra en el lado derecho del cuerpo.
Biología
Se alimenta de hidroides (George, J. D., 2012). Muy similar a Phidiana indica, se diferencian por la línea que pasa entre los rinóforos: Phidiana indica tiene una línea blanca, mientras que Phidiana militaris tiene una línea de color naranja o rojo. De esta especie se han obtenido ligandos del receptor opioide como las «phidianidinas» (Baker, 2016) que tienen un uso médico, aunque más tarde se observó que estos compuestos se pueden obtener de forma sintética.
Etimología
- Militaris, del Latín, significa militar, soldado o guerrero, probablemente relacionado con el diseño de color naranja del cuerpo.
Distribución
Principalmente distribuida por el Indo-Pacífico. Descrita originalmente en India, también se ha citado de los Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Sri Lanka, Brunei, Malasia, Tailandia, Hong Kong y el norte de Australia. Una cita en el pecio del submarino Scirè, en la bahía de Haifa, al norte de Israel, en octubre de 2016 es probablemente la primera cita para el Mar Mediterráneo, donde es una especie exótica.
Abundancia
Mediterráneo occidental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Mediterráneo oriental: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Océano Atlántico: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
MesEsta gráfica muestra la probabilidad de observación mensual de Phidiana militaris basada en nuestros propios registros.
Otras fotos
Phidiana militaris @ Haifa Bay, Israel (Mediterranean) by Noam Emanuel
Phidiana militaris @ Haifa Bay, Israel (Mediterranean)
Phidiana militaris @ Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Hong Kong (6m) 20°C, 17-04-2016 by Markus Rummel
Phidiana militaris @ Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Hong Kong (6m) 20°C, 17-04-2016 by Markus Rummel
Phidiana militaris @ Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Hong Kong (6m) 20°C, 17-04-2016 by Markus Rummel
Bibliografía
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Phidiana militaris
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.
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Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2023) "Phidiana militaris" en OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicado: 14/10/2016. Accedido: 04/12/2023. Disponible en (https://opistobranquis.info/es/?p=22525)
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Agradecimientos
A Markus Rummel (Euphotic Photography) por sus fotos de esta especie.