Placida verticilata Ortea, 1982
Placida verticilata por Enric Madrenas
Taxonomía| | Superdomain | Biota |
| | Kingdom | Animalia |
| | Phylum | Mollusca |
| | Class | Gastropoda |
| | Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| | Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| | Subterclass | Tectipleura |
| | Superorder | Sacoglossa |
| | Superfamily | Plakobranchoidea |
| | Family | Limapontiidae |
| | Genus | Placida |
| | Species | Placida verticilata Ortea, 1982 |
| | |
| | Clasificación según Bouchet et al. (2017)
Fuente taxonómica: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 141568). |
Descripción
Los ejemplares de esta especie suelen medir entre 7-10 mm de longitud. El color de fondo del cuerpo es blanquecino pero está enmascarado por el gran desarrollo de los divertículos de la glándula digestiva, ramificada por todo el cuerpo (dorso, cabeza, flancos del cuerpo, rinóforos, papila anal, cerata, y pie), y que al estar llenos de cloroplastos le proporcionan una coloración verde oliva a todo el animal. Los rinóforos son finos y largos y están acanalados en su cara anterior. Los ojos son poco visibles justo detrás de la base e los rinóforos. La papila anal es tubular, estrecha y larga y se encuentra situada delante del área cardíaca, a la altura de los primeros ceratas del dorso. La glándula digestiva se ramifica extraordinariamente por todo el cuerpo no distinguiéndose en ocasiones los conductos hepáticos principales. Hay de 30-40 ceratas en el dorso, alargados, fusiformes y acabados en punta redondeada; dentro de cada cerata hay un conducto hepático grueso de color verde oliva que va emitiendo de manera alternada a uno y otro lado cortas ramificaciones redondeadas del mismo color. El pie es blanquecino y redondeado anteriormente, donde forma dos lóbulos romos laterales.
Nota morfológica: P. verticilata es muy parecida a P. dendritica, de la que se separa por los rinóforos más largos y simplemente acanalados, no auriculados (auriculados y enrollados en P. dendritica) y por las ramificaciones de la glándula digestiva dentro de los ceratas, que en P. verticilata son simples y verticiladas, y complejas y ramificadas en P. dendritica.
Biología
Esta especie de sacogloso vive, como también la especie similar P. dendritica, sobre talos del alga clorofícea ramificada del género Codium, de la que se alimenta y con la que guarda un perfecto mimetismo cromático. Como ocurre en otros sacoglosos, al alimentarse del alga no digiere los cloroplastos ingeridos y los va acumulando en las complejas ramificaciones de la glándula digestiva. Estos cloroplastos permanecen funcionales durante varias semanas, efectuando la fotosíntesis y sintetizando compuestos orgánicos, de los que también se aprovecha el sacogloso. La puesta está constituida por un cordón aplanado enrollado muy apretadamente en una espiral plana; los huevos son de color blanco y se encuentran envueltos por cápsulas ovígeras casi esféricas de unas 140 micras de diámetro (Ortea, 1981; García-Gómez, 1987).
Etimología
- Placida. Del Latín “placeō”, satisfacer. También significa plácida, suave, tranquila, quieta, pacífica.
- Verticilata. Del Latín «verticillus», significa «con verticilos». Por la disposición en verticilos de las ramificaciones digestivas de los cerata. En biología un verticilo es un conjunto de tres o más hojas, ramas u otros órganos que brotan de una base en el mismo nivel.
Distribución
Se trata de una especie que hasta el momento se ha citado sólo de las costas del Canal de la Mancha (Muller, 2004), Canarias, Azores, Madeira (Borges et al. 2010), la Península Ibérica y el Caribe (Costa Rica, Cuba; Miloslavich et al, 2010). En la Península Ibérica (Cervera et al. 2004) se ha registrado en la costa cantábrica, en Portugal, zona del Estrecho de Gibraltar y el Mediterráneo andaluz. En Catalunya se ha observado recientemente en diferentes localidades de la costa Brava (Islas Medas, Cala Aiguafreda, Tossa de Mar). Posiblemente su área de distribución sea más amplia al haberse citado erróneamente como P. dendritica debido a lo similar de su morfología, coloración y substrato donde vive.
Abundancia
| Mediterráneo occidental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
| Mediterráneo oriental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
| Océano Atlántico: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
MesEsta gráfica muestra la probabilidad de observación mensual de Placida verticilata basada en nuestros propios registros.
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Bibliografía
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Placida verticilata
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5D%7D
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.
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Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. & Pontes, M. (2023) "Placida verticilata" en OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicado: 17/07/2012. Accedido: 19/04/2024. Disponible en (https://opistobranquis.info/es/?p=2086)
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