Limacia iberica

Limacia iberica  Caballer, Almón & Pérez-Dieste, 2016

Limacia iberica @ Ria de Arousa (A Coruña, Galicia, Spain) por Jacinto Pérez Dieste (GEMM)

Descripción
Cuerpo de color blanco con manchas de color rojo-anaranjado en el dorso y los costados del pié, con el tejido lleno de espículas largas (de hasta 650 micras) que, al llegar a la superficie y atravesar la piel, le dan un aspecto rígido. Tiene una cola corta y robusta. El dorso es liso excepto por la presencia de ocho pequeños tubérculos con los extremos de color naranja, situados en la línea media, entre los rinóforos y la branquia, así como 24 papilas largas y robustas, en forma de maza, con el extremo amarillo y un pequeño cuerpo esférico de color blanco en la punta, dispuestas a lo largo de cada borde lateral. Los rinóforos son largos, con el extremo naranja y tienen entre 17 y 19 laminillas sensoriales, con vainas rinofóricas bajas y de borde liso en la base. La branquia se compone de 3 hojas bipinnadas de color blanco con los extremos de color amarillo.

Limacia iberica es muy parecida morfológicamente a Limacia clavigera, con la que fue probablemente confundida debido a la pobre descripción de Müller (la describió en 1776 con 6 palabras, literalmente, aunque el propio autor amplió posteriormente la información con más datos e ilustraciones en 1788 y 1806). Se diferencian porque Limacia clavigera tiene muchas menos papilas laterales (20-24) y, además, son mucho más cortas y terminan en una punta naranja (no blanca como en L.iberica). Limacia clavigera tiene el dorso tuberculado y mucho menos espiculado, mientras que en L.iberica sólo hay una hilera mediodorsal de 8 tubérculos, mientras que la forma y el tamaño de las espículas del manto son tan largas y abundantes que “rompen” la piel y se ven a simple vista. La cola de Limacia clavigera es más larga y estilizada y con manchas amarillas. Los rinóforos son más cortos y tienen menos láminillas (10-14). Por último Limacia clavigera no tiene diente raquídea, mientras que L.iberica tiene una rectangular.

Biología
Los ejemplares estudiados se hallaron en una pared de roca a 32 m de profundidad, en una zona sin algas. Limacia iberica se halla aparentement en aguas profundas y frías, en zonas de rocas casi sin algas, donde aparecen briozoos como Schizoporella, de los que podría alimentarse (Caballer et al., 2015).

Etimología

• Limacia. Del Latín “limax”, babosa, viscoso.
• Iberica. Del Latín “Iber”, habitante de Iberia. De la península Ibérica.

Distribución
Los únicos ejemplares identificados hasta el momento como Limacia iberica han sido hallados en Galicia (plataforma “O Sobreiro”), en Cannes (Francia) y un ejemplar con rasgos intermedios entre L.iberica y L.clavigera en Punta Salines (L’Estartit, España). Probablemente es una especie más común de lo que parece.

Otras fotos

Bibliografía

1246567 Limacia iberica 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 21242 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Ballesteros, M., Pontes, M., Madrenas, E. (2019). Els nudibranquis del mar català. Brau Edicions.
Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E., Pontes, M. (2026). OPK - Opistobranquis. Disponible en: https://opistobranquis.info/ [Accedido 6 de marzo de 2026]
Caballer, M., Almón, B., Pérez-Dieste, J. (2016). The sea slug genus Limacia Müller, 1781 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia) in Europe. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 57, 35:42.
Pérez-Dieste, J., Trigo, J. E., Almón, B. (2021). Nudibranquios das Costas de Galicia. As cores do Atlántico (1.^a ed.). Consellería de Mar. Xunta de Galicia.
Pontes, M., Madrenas, E., García-Tort, A., Espada, O., Ballesteros, M. (2025). Sea Slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from the Medes Islands (Costa Brava, NE Spain): Biodiversity and Ecological Study over a Decade. Diversity, 17(9), 606. https://doi.org/10.3390/d17090606
Toms, J. A., Pola, M., Von der Heyden, S., Gosliner, T. M. (2021). Disentangling species of the genus Limacia O.F. Müller, 1781, from southern Africa and Europe using integrative taxonomical methods, with the description of four new species. Marine Biodiversity, 51, 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01125-0
WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. WoRMS. Disponible en: http://www.marinespecies.org
Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.

Más información

• DORIS
• Flickr pictures
• Grupo de Estudo do Medio Mariño (GEMM)
• Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
• NCBI GenBank
• WoRMS

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