Berthella africana (Pruvot-Fol, 1953)
Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 por José Juan Calderín Peñate
Taxonomía | Superdomain | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Ringipleura |
| Superorder | Nudipleura |
| Order | Pleurobranchida |
| Superfamily | Pleurobranchoidea |
| Family | Pleurobranchidae |
| Genus | Berthella |
| Species | Berthella africana (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) |
| |
| Clasificación según Bouchet et al. (2017) Fuente taxonómica: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 181220). |
Sinónimos
- Berthella canariensis Cervera, Gosliner, García-Gómez & Ortea, 2000
- Berthellina africana Pruvot-Fol, 1953
Según Ortea at al. (2012) la descripción de Berthella canariensis Cervera, Gosliner, García-Gómez y Ortea, 2009, realizada a partir de un único ejemplar hallado en Gran Canaria, no tuvo en cuenta la singular variabilidad cromática de Berthella africana en función de la edad del ejemplar, por lo que en la actualidad B. canariensis se considera sinónima de B. africana.
Descripción
El cuerpo puede alcanzar una longitud de 42mm, aunque su talla habitual ronda los 25mm. El manto, que no tiene espículas, es liso y recubre totalmente el pie del animal, excepto en su extremo posterior. El color del cuerpo varía de beige muy claro a gris o marrón, con manchas más oscuras repartidas por todo el dorso. Al microscopio se observa que las manchas oscuras están formadas por un punteado rojo más o menos denso, dispuesto en pequeños círculos alrededor de unos pequeños tubérculos en la piel. En algunos ejemplares se observa también la presencia de una serie de manchas de color blanco opaco, mucho menos numerosas que las oscuras. Tiene una característica mancha negra en el centro del manto. La concha interna es pequeña y situada hacia la parte posterior del animal, aunque falta en algunos ejemplares. Los rinóforos son tubulares y están unidos por su base. El velo oral es liso, estriado en los bordes laterales, y se observa algo por delante del manto. El pie, de color blancuzco y translúcido en algunos ejemplares, es bilabiado en su parte anterior. Los orificios genitales, descritos como un agujero redondo y una hendidura, se sitúan en el lado derecho del animal, sobre un pequeño mamelón, en el nacimiento de la branquia, siempre protegidos por un pliegue externo (flap) que varía según el tamaño y la madurez del animal. La branquia bipinnada no suele verse en los animales vivos, ya que está tapada por el manto, pero no es muy grande y tiene el eje liso en los animales de menor tamaño mientras que en los ejemplares adultos se observan una serie de tubérculos dispuestos de forma alterna en dos filas. No se observa la glándula pedal en la parte posterior del pié.
Biología
Suele vivir en aguas someras, pues ha sido hallado desde el intermareal hasta los 14 metros de profundidad.
Etimología
- Berthella. Probablemente dedicada a Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880), un naturalista francés que se enroló en la Marina y participó en las guerras napoleónicas. Vivió parte de su vida en las Islas Canarias, desempeñando el cargo de cónsul francés en Tenerife. Escribió la Historia Natural de Canarias y dirigió el Jardín Botánico del Puerto de la Cruz.
- Africana. De África, donde fue hallada por primera vez.
Distribución
Berthella africana se distribuye por el litoral atlántico de Marruecos (localidad tipo: Temara) y por las islas Canarias, donde se la considera poco frecuente, con algunos hallazgos en la Bahía de Gando, en Taliarte y en la playa del Cabrón (en Gran Canaria), y en Igueste de San Andrés, Las Eras y Punta del Hidalgo (en Tenerife).
Abundancia
Mediterráneo occidental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Mediterráneo oriental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Océano Atlántico: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
MesEsta gráfica muestra la probabilidad de observación mensual de Berthella africana basada en nuestros propios registros.
Otras fotos
Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calderín Peñate
Berthella africana @ Taliarte, Gran Canaria 25-07-2014 by Jose Juan Calderín Peñate
Bibliografía
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Berthella africana
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.
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Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2023) "Berthella africana" en OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicado: 20/09/2016. Accedido: 19/03/2024. Disponible en (https://opistobranquis.info/es/?p=22440)
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