Micromelo undatus

Micromelo undatus (Bruguière, 1792)

Micromelo undatus @ Gran Canaria by Aketza Herrero

Taxonomic note: the genus Micromelo (family Aplustridae) is found in almost all the tropical and subtropical seas of the world, with the exception of the American Pacific. Until recently, most authors considered the species Micromelo undatus (Bruguière, 1792) as the only valid in this genus. The study by Feliciano et al. (2021) Molecular and morphological analyzes reveal pseudocryptic diversity in Micromelo undatus (Bruguière, 1792) (Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplustridae) examines the populations of specimens identified as M. undatus throughout their geographic range by using molecular techniques. The results revealed that M. undatus is a complex of four species with consistent genetic and anatomical differences. A review of the literature and an evaluation of the type material allowed three of the four species to be named: Micromelo guamensis (from the Western Pacific), M. undatus (from the Atlantic) and M. scriptus (from the Indo-Pacific). A new name is introduced for the fourth species, found in Philippine waters: Micromelo barbarae Feliciano, Malaquias, Stout, Brenzinger, Gosliner & Valdés, 2021.

Synonyms

• Bulla elegans Menke, 1830
• Bulla nitidula Dillwyn, 1817
• Bulla undata Bruguière, 1792
• Bullina elegans Menke, 1830
• Micromelo undata [sic]

Description
Body very flat, of up to 40mm long, shape oval to elongate. Base color is white to translucent grey, covered with large, oval opaque white spots, densely arranged. Distance between spots about same size as the spots themselves. Mantle, rhinophores, and foot with a marginal yellow-orange band followed by a pale blue or green diffuse area. Headshield as long as wide, prominently narrower mid-length. White shell, ovalled but nearly round, almost as long as wide, coloured with red to brown lines forming a quite regular pattern. Rear side of  the shell aperture forming a smooth rounded edge with apex, while the outer edge of the aperture is curved.

Biology
Found in shallow water (0-10 meters) on sandy or rocky ground, preferably on algal turf areas, and are common in rocky pools of the lower intertidal zone. Feeds on polychaete worms (Gosliner, 1987). This species is active both at day and night. Although it can retract into the shell, it does so very rarely. Under UV light the shell looks red while the body looks green.

Etimology

• Undatus, from Latin “undatus”, ondulated.

Distribution
Ascension Island (Padula et al., 2017), Cape Verde (Valdés, 2005), Canary Islands (Moro et al., 2003), Azores (Nordsieck, 1972), the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, St. Lucia (Valdés et al., 2006), Jamaica (Feliciano et al., 2021), Curaçao (Feliciano et al., 2021), and Brazil (Padula et al., 2012).

More pictures

Bibliography

1246567 Micromelo undatus 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 18215 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Valdés, A., Hamann, J., Behrens, D. W., DuPont, A. (2006). Caribbean sea slugs: a field guide to the opisthobranch mollusks from the tropical northwestern Atlantic. Washington: Sea Challengers Natural History Books. 289 pp.
WoRMS Editorial Board. (2026). World Register of Marine Species. WoRMS. Disponible en: http://www.marinespecies.org
Bibliography based on the works by Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 and Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, with later updates from other resources.

Further reading

• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Flickr pictures
• Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
• JaxShells
• Medslugs (Atl.W)
• Medslugs (Pac.NW)
• NCBI GenBank
• Nudibranchs of the Sunshine Coast
• OBIS - Search by Taxon
• Sea Slug Forum
• South West Indian Ocean Seaslug site
• World Register of Marine Species

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