These are the species of opisthobranch molluscs currently known on the coasts of Catalonia (Spain) according to Ballesteros et al. (2016) with subsequent modifications to include the new findings for Catalonia and the taxonomic changes proposed by the last publications:
Class Gastropoda Cuvier, 1795
- Subclass Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837
- Infraclass Euthyneura
- Subterclass Acteonimorpha
- Superfamily  Acteonoidea D’Orbigny, 1843
- Family Acteonidae D’Orbigny, 1843
- Acteon monterosatoi Dautzenberg, 1889
- Acteon tornatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Crenilabium exile (Jeffreys, 1870)
- Japonactaeon pusillus (Forbes, 1844)
- Rapturella globulina (Forbes, 1844)
- Family Acteonidae D’Orbigny, 1843
- Superfamily  Acteonoidea D’Orbigny, 1843
- Subterclass Ringipleura
- Superorder Ringiculimorpha
- Superfamily Ringiculoidea Philippi, 1853
- Family Ringiculidae Philippi, 1853
- Ringicula auriculata (Ménard de la Groye, 1811)
- Ringicula buccinea Brocchi, 1814 â€
- Ringicula conformis Monterosato, 1877
- Ringicula minutula Locard, 1897
- Family Ringiculidae Philippi, 1853
- Superfamily Ringiculoidea Philippi, 1853
- Superorder Nudipleura Wägele & Willan, 2000
- Order Pleurobranchida
- Superfamily  Pleurobranchoidea Gray, 1827
- Family Pleurobranchidae Gray, 1827
- Berthella aurantiaca (Risso, 1818)
- Berthella ocellata (Delle Chiaje, 1830)
- Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803)
- Berthella stellata (Risso, 1826)
- Berthellina edwardsii (Vayssière, 1897)
- Pleurobranchus membranaceus (Montagu, 1816)
- Pleurobranchus testudinarius Cantraine, 1835
- Family Pleurobranchaeidae Pilsbry, 1896
- Pleurobranchaea meckeli (Blainville, 1825)
- Family Pleurobranchidae Gray, 1827
- Superfamily  Pleurobranchoidea Gray, 1827
- Order Nudibranchia
- Suborder Doridina
- Infraorder Doridoidei
- Superfamily Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Family Dorididae Rafinesque, 1815
- Doris bertheloti (d’Orbigny, 1839)
- Doris ocelligera (Bergh, 1881)
- Doris pseudoargus Rapp, 1827
- Doris sticta (Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1923)
- Doris verrucosa Linnaeus, 1758
- Family Discodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Aporodoris millegrana (Alder & Hancock, 1854)
- Baptodoris cinnabarina Bergh,1884
- Carminodoris boucheti Ortea, 1979
- Discodoris rosi Ortea, 1979
- Discodoris stellifera (Vayssière, 1903)
- Geitodoris planata (Alder & Hancock, 1846)
- Geitodoris portmanni (Schmekel, 1972)
- Geitodoris rubens (Vayssière, 1919)
- Jorunna evansi (Eliot, 1906)
- Jorunna onubensis Cervera et al., 1986
- Jorunna tomentosa (Cuvier, 1804)
- Paradoris indecora (Bergh, 1881)
- Peltodoris atromaculata Bergh, 1880
- Platydoris argo (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Rostanga rubra (Risso, 1818)
- Taringa faba Ballesteros et al., 1985
- Tayuva lilacina (Gould, 1852)
- Thordisa filix Pruvot-Fol, 1951
- Family Cadlinidae Bergh, 1891
- Cadlina laevis (Linnaeus, 1767)
- Aldisa banyulensis Pruvot-Fol, 1951
- Family Chromodorididae Bergh, 1891
- Felimare bilineata (Pruvot-Fol, 1953)
- Felimare fontandraui (Pruvot-Fol, 1951)
- Felimare orsinii (Vérany, 1846)
- Felimare picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
- Felimare tricolor (Cantraine, 1835)
- Felimare villafranca (Risso, 1818)
- Felimida binza (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963)
- Felimida krohni (Vérany, 1846)
- Felimida luteorosea (Rapp, 1827)
- Felimida purpurea (Risso, 1831)
- Family Dorididae Rafinesque, 1815
- Superfamily Onchidoridoidea Gray, 1827
- Family Calycidorididae Roginskaya, 1972
- Diaphorodoris alba Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960
- Diaphorodoris luteocincta (M. Sars, 1870)
- Diaphorodoris papillata Portmann & Sandmeier, 1960
- Family Goniodorididae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Ancula gibbosa (Risso, 1818)
- Goniodoris castanea Alder & Hancock, 1845
- Okenia elegans (Leuckart, 1828)
- Okenia cf. impexa (Er. Marcus, 1957)
- Okenia mediterranea (Ihering, 1886)
- Okenia cf. zoobotryon (Smallwood, 1910)
- Trapania cf. hispalensis Cervera & GarcÃa-Gómez, 1989
- Trapania lineata Haefelfinger, 1960
- Trapania maculata Haefelfinger, 1960
- Trapania tartanella (Ihering, 1886)
- Family Onchidorididae Gray, 1827
- Knoutsodonta pictoni Furfaro & Trainito, 2017
- Knoutsodonta albonigra (Pruvot-Fol, 1951)
- Knoutsodonta neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1841)
- Knoutsodonta sparsa (Alder & Hancock, 1846)
- Family Calycidorididae Roginskaya, 1972
- Superfamily Phyllidioidea Rafinesque, 1814
- Family Phyllidiidae Rafinesque, 1814
- Phyllidia flava Aradas,1847
- Family Dendrodorididae O’Donoghue, 1924
- Dendrodoris grandiflora (Rapp, 1827)
- Dendrodoris herytra Valdés & Ortea in Valdés, Ortea, Avila & Ballesteros, 1996
- Dendrodoris limbata (Cuvier, 1804)
- Doriopsilla areolata Bergh, 1880
- Doriopsilla pelseneeri d’Oliveira, 1895
- Family Phyllidiidae Rafinesque, 1814
- Superfamily Polyceroidea Alder & Hancock, 1845
- Family Aegiridae P. Fischer, 1883
- Aegires leuckartii Vérany, 1853
- Aegires palensis Ortea et al., 1990
- Aegires punctilucens (d’Orbigny, 1837)
- Aegires sublaevis Odhner, 1932
- Family Polyceridae Alder & Hancock, 1845
- Crimora papillata Alder & Hancock, 1862
- Kaloplocamus ramosus (Cantraine, 1835)
- Limacia clavigera (O.F. Müller, 1776)
- Martadoris mediterranea (DomÃnguez et al., 2015)
- Palio nothus (Johnston, 1838)
- Palio dubia (M. Sars, 1829)
- Polycera elegans (Bergh, 1894)
- Polycera quadrilineata (O.F. Müller, 1776)
- Polycerella emertoni A. E. Verrill, 1880
- Thecacera pennigera (Montagu, 1813)
- Family Aegiridae P. Fischer, 1883
- Superfamily Doridoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Infraorder Doridoidei
- Suborder  Cladobranchia Willan & Morton, 1984
- Superfamily Aeolidioidea Gray, 1827
- Family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827
- Aeolidiella alderi (Cocks, 1852)
- Berghia coerulescens (Laurillard, 1832)
- Berghia verrucicornis (A. Costa, 1867)
- Cerberilla bernadettae Tardy, 1965
- Limenandra nodosa Haefelfinger & Stamm, 1958
- Spurilla neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1841)
- Family Facelinidae Bergh, 1889
- Caloria elegans (Alder & Hancock, 1845)
- Cratena peregrina (Gmelin, 1791)
- Dicata odhneri Schmekel, 1967
- Dondice banyulensis Portman & Sandmeier, 1960
- Facelina annulicornis (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821)
- Facelina auriculata (Müller, 1776)
- Facelina bostoniensis (Couthouy, 1838)
- Facelina dubia Pruvot-Fol, 1948
- Facelina fusca Schmekel, 1966
- Facelina quatrefagesi (Vayssière, 1888)
- Facelina rubrovittata (A. Costa, 1866)
- Facelinopsis marioni (Vayssière, 1888)
- Favorinus branchialis (Rathke, 1806)
- Favorinus vitreus Ortea, 1982
- Godiva quadricolor (Barnard, 1927)
- Pruvotfolia pselliotes (Labbé, 1923)
- Family Piseinotecidae Edmunds, 1970
- Piseinotecus soussi Tamsouri et al., 2014
- Piseinotecus sphaeriferus (Schmekel, 1965)
- Family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827
- Superfamily Arminoidea
- Family Arminidae Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1841 (1823)
- Armina maculata Rafinesque, 1814
- Armina neapolitana (Delle Chiaje, 1824)
- Armina tigrina Rafinesque, 1814
- Family Arminidae Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1841 (1823)
- Superfamily Dendronotoidea Odhner, 1934
- Family Dotidae Gray, 1853
- Doto cervicenigra Ortea & Bouchet, 1989
- Doto aff. coronata (Gmelin, 1791)
- Doto dunnei Lemche, 1976
- Doto eireana Lemche, 1976
- Doto floridicola Simroth, 1888
- Doto koenneckeri Lemche, 1976
- Doto paulinae Trinchese, 1881
- Doto cf. pygmaea Bergh, 1871
- Doto rosea Trinchese, 1881
- Family Hancockiidae MacFarland, 1923
- Hancockia uncinata (Hesse, 1872)
- Family Lomanotidae Bergh, 1890
- Lomanotus barlettai GarcÃa-Gómez et al., 1990
- Lomanotus genei Vérany, 1846
- Lomanotus marmoratus (Alder & Hancock, 1845)
- Family Tethydidae Rafinesque, 1815
- Tethys fimbria Linnaeus, 1767
- Family Dotidae Gray, 1853
- Superfamily Fionoidea Gray, 1857
- Family Calmidae Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1923
- Calma glaucoides (Alder & Hancock, 1854)
- Calma gobioophaga Calado & Urgorri, 2002
- Family Cuthonidae Odhner, 1934
- Cuthona cf. fidenciae (Ortea et al., 1999)
- Family Eubranchidae Odhner, 1934
- Eubranchus doriae (Trinchese, 1874)
- Eubranchus exiguus (Alder & Hancock, 1848)
- Eubranchus farrani (Alder & Hancock, 1844)
- Eubranchus prietoi Llera & Ortea, 1981
- Eubranchus cf. tricolor Forbes, 1838
- Eubranchus vittatus (Alder & Hancock, 1842)
- Family Fionidae  Gray, 1857
- Fiona pinnata (Eschscholtz, 1831)
- Family Tergipedidae Bergh, 1889
- Tergipes tergipes (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
- Family Trinchesiidae F.Nordsieck, 1972
- Rubramoena amoena (Alder & Hancock, 1845)
- Trinchesia albopunctata (Schmekel, 1968)
- Trinchesia caerulea (Montagu, 1804)
- Trinchesia cf. caerulea (Montagu, 1804)
- Trinchesia foliata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1839)
- Trinchesia genovae (O’Donoghue, 1929)
- Trinchesia miniostriata (Schmekel, 1968)
- Trinchesia ocellata (Schmekel, 1966)
- Family Flabellinidae Bergh, 1889
- Calmella cavolini (Vérany, 1846)
- Calmella gaditana Cervera et al., 1987
- Carronella pellucida (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
- Edmundsella pedata (Montagu, 1816)
- Fjordia lineata (Lovén, 1846)
- Flabellina affinis (Gmelin, 1791)
- Paraflabellina ischitana Hirano & Thompson, 1990
- Paraflabellina gabinierei (Vicente, 1975)
- Family Samlidae Korshunova et al (2017)
- Luisella babai Schmekel, 1972
- Family Calmidae Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1923
- Superfamily Proctonotoidea
- Family Proctonotidae Gray, 1853
- Janolus cristatus (Delle Chiaje, 1841)
- Janolus hyalinus (Alder & Hancock, 1854)
- Family Proctonotidae Gray, 1853
- Superfamily Tritonioidea
- Family Tritoniidae Lamarck, 1809
- Marionia blainvillea (Risso, 1818)
- Tritonia hombergii Cuvier, 1803
- Tritonia lineata Alder & Hancock, 1848
- Tritonia manicata Deshayes, 1853
- Tritonia nilsodhneri Ev. Marcus, 1983
- Tritonia plebeia Johnston, 1828
- Tritonia striata Haefelfinger, 1963
- Family Tritoniidae Lamarck, 1809
- Superfamily Cladobranchia incertae sedis
- Family Embletoniidae Pruvot-Fol, 1954
- Embletonia pulchra (Alder & Hancock, 1844)
- Family Embletoniidae Pruvot-Fol, 1954
- Superfamily Aeolidioidea Gray, 1827
- Suborder Doridina
- Order Pleurobranchida
- Superorder Ringiculimorpha
- Subterclass Tectipleura Schrödl et al., 2011
- Order Aplysiida Fischer, 1883
-  Superfamily Akeroidea Mazzarelli, 1891
- Family Akeridae Mazzarelli, 1891
- Akera bullata O.F. Müller , 1776
- Family Akeridae Mazzarelli, 1891
- Superfamily Aplysioidea Lamarck, 1809
- Family Aplysiidae Lamarck, 1809
- Aplysia dactylomela Rang, 1828
- Aplysia depilans Gmelin, 1791
- Aplysia fasciata Poiret, 1789
- Aplysia parvula Mörch, 1863
- Aplysia punctata (Cuvier, 1803)
- Bursatella leachii Blainville, 1817
- Notarchus punctatus Philippi, 1836
- Petalifera petalifera (Rang, 1828)
- Phyllaplysia lafonti P. Fischer, 1872
- Family Aplysiidae Lamarck, 1809
-  Superfamily Akeroidea Mazzarelli, 1891
- Order Cephalaspidea P. Fischer, 1883
- Superfamily  Bulloidea Gray, 1827
- Family Bullidae Gray, 1827
- Bulla striata Bruguière, 1792
- Family Retusidae Thiele, 1925
- Retusa crossei (Bucquoy et al., 1886)
- Retusa mammillata (Philippi, 1880)
- Retusa minutissima (Monterosato, 1878)
- Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
- Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
- Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
- Family Rhizoridae Dell, 1952
- Volvulella acuminata (Bruguière, 1792)
- Family Bullidae Gray, 1827
- Superfamily Cylichnoidea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Family Cylichnidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Cylichna cylindracea (Pennant, 1777)
- Family Diaphanidae Odhner, 1914 (1857)
- Diaphana minuta T. Brown , 1827
- Family Cylichnidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Superfamily Haminoeoidea Pilsbry, 1895
- Family Haminoeidae Pilsbry, 1895
- Atys blainvillianus (Récluz, 1843) [nomen dubium]
- Atys jeffreysi (Weinkauff, 1866)
- Haminoea exigua Schaefer, 1992
- Haminoea hydatis (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Haminoea navicula (da Costa, 1778)
- Haminoea orbignyana (de Férussac, 1822)
- Weinkauffia turgidula (Forbes, 1884)
- Family Haminoeidae Pilsbry, 1895
- Superfamily Philinoidea Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Family Aglajidae Pilsbry, 1895 (1847)
- Aglaja tricolorata Renier, 1807
- Aglaja sp.
- Camachoaglaja africana Pruvot-Fol, 1953
- Melanochlamys miqueli Pelorce et al., 2013
- Melanochlamys wildpretii (Ortea et al., 2003)
- Philinopsis depicta (Renier, 1807)
- Family Colpodaspididae Oskars et al., 2015
- Colpodaspis pusilla M. Sars, 1870
- Family Gastropteridae Swainson, 1840
- Gastropteron rubrum (Rafinesque, 1814)
- Family Laonidae Pruvot-Fol, 1954
- Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
- Family Philinidae Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Hermania scabra (O.F. Müller, 1784)
- Philine catena (Montagu, 1803)
- Philine monterosati Monterosato, 1874
- Philine punctata (J. Adams, 1800)
- Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
- Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874
- Family Scaphandridae G.O. Sars, 1878
- Roxania utriculus (Brocchi, 1814)23
- Scaphander lignarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Scaphander punctostriatus (Mighels & Adams, 1842)
- Family Aglajidae Pilsbry, 1895 (1847)
- Superfamily  Bulloidea Gray, 1827
- Order Pteropoda
- Suborder Euthecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905
-  Superfamily Cavolinioidea Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Family Cavoliniidae Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Cavolinia inflexa (Lesueur, 1813)
- Cavolinia gibbosa (d’Orbigny, 1834)
- Cavolinia tridentata (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775)
- Cavolinia uncinata (d’Orbigny, 1834)
- Diacavolinia limbata (d’Orbigny, 1836)
- Family Cliidae Jeffreys, 1869
- Clio pyramidata Linnaeus, 1767
- Family Creseidae Rampal, 1973
- Creseis clava (Rang, 1828)
- Styliola subula (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827)
- Family Cavoliniidae Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Superfamily Limacinoidea Gray, 1840
- Family Limacinidae Gray, 1840
- Heliconoides inflatus (d’Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina bulimoides (d’Orbigny, 1834)
- Family Limacinidae Gray, 1840
-  Superfamily Cavolinioidea Gray, 1850 (1815)
- Suborder Pseudothecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905
- Superfamily Cymbulioidea Gray, 1840
- Family Cymbuliidae Gray, 1840
- Cymbulia peronii Blainville, 1827
- Family Cymbuliidae Gray, 1840
- Superfamily Cymbulioidea Gray, 1840
- Suborder Gymnosomata Blainville, 1824
- Superfamily Clionoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Family Clionidae Rafinesque, 1815
- Clione limacina (Phipps, 1774)
- Family Pneumodermatidae Latreille, 1825
- Pneumoderma mediterraneum van Beneden, 1838
- Pneumoderma violaceum d’Orbigny, 1834
- Family Clionidae Rafinesque, 1815
- Superfamily Clionoidea Rafinesque, 1815
- Suborder Euthecosomata Meisenheimer, 1905
- Order Runcinida
- Superfamily Runcinoidea  H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Family Runcinidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Runcina adriatica T. Thompson, 1980
- Runcina africana Pruvot-Fol, 1953
- Runcina avellana Schmekel & Cappellato, 2001
- Runcina bahiensis Cervera et al., 1991
- Runcina cf. banyulensis Schmekel & Capellato, 2001
- Runcina brenkoae T. Thompson, 1980
- Runcina coronata (Quatrefages, 1844)
- Runcina ferruginea Kress, 1977
- Runcina cf. hornae Schmekel & Capellato, 2002
- Runcina sp. 1
- Runcina sp. 2
- Runcina sp. 3
- Runcina sp. 4
- Family Runcinidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Superfamily Runcinoidea  H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Superorder Sacoglossa Ihering, 1876
- Superfamily Oxynooidea Stoliczka, 1868 (1847)
- Family Oxynoidae Stoliczka, 1868 (1847)
- Lobiger serradifalci (Calcara, 1840)
- Oxynoe olivacea Rafinesque, 1814
- Family Oxynoidae Stoliczka, 1868 (1847)
- Superfamily Plakobranchoidea Gray, 1840
- Family Hermaeidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Aplysiopsis elegans Deshayes, 1853
- Caliphylla mediterranea A. Costa, 1867
- Cyerce cristallina (Trinchese, 1881)
- Cyerce graeca T. Thompson, 1988
- Hermaea bifida (Montagu, 1816)
- Hermaea paucicirra Pruvot-Fol, 1953
- Hermaea variopicta (A. Costa, 1869)
- Family Limapontiidae Gray, 1847
- Calliopaea bellula d’Orbigny, 1837
- Ercolania coerulea Trinchese, 1892
- Ercolania viridis (A. Costa, 1866)
- Placida cremoniana Trinchese, 1892
- Placida dendritica (Alder & Hancock, 1843)
- Placida verticilata Ortea, 1982
- Placida viridis (Trinchese, 1874)
- Placida tardyi (Trinchese, 1874)
- Family Plakobranchidae Gray, 1840
- Bosellia mimetica Trinchese, 1891
- Elysia fezi Vilella, 1968
- Elysia flava Verrill, 1901
- Elysia gordanae Thompson & Jacklin, 1988
- Elysia timida (Risso, 1818)
- Elysia translucens Pruvot-Fol, 1957
- Elysia viridis (Montagu, 1804)
- Thuridilla hopei (Vérany, 1853)
- Family Hermaeidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
- Superfamily Oxynooidea Stoliczka, 1868 (1847)
- Order Umbraculida Odhner, 1839
- Superfamily Umbraculoidea Dall, 1889 (1827)
- Family Tylodinidae Gray, 1847
- Tylodina perversa (Gmelin, 1791)
- Family Umbraculidae Dall, 1889 (1827)
- Umbraculum umbraculum (Lightfoot, 1786)
- Family Tylodinidae Gray, 1847
- Superfamily Umbraculoidea Dall, 1889 (1827)
- Order Aplysiida Fischer, 1883
- Subterclass Acteonimorpha
- Infraclass Euthyneura
- Subclass Heterobranchia Burmeister, 1837
No species of the superorder Acochlidiimorpha are mentioned here because there are no actual studies nor reports on this group on the Catalan shores.
Bibliography
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Bibliography based on the works by Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 and Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, with later updates from other resources.Cite this article as:
Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2025) "Catalonia (Spain)" in OPK-Opistobranquis. Published: 23/11/2015. Accessed: 08/09/2026. Available at (https://opistobranquis.info/en/?p=20249)
