Home Guide to Opisthobranchs Cephalaspidea Philinoidea Melanochlamys wildpretii

Melanochlamys wildpretii

Melanochlamys wildpretii  Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003

Melanochlamys wildpretii @ Cap de Creus 11m 31-10-2015 by Enric Madrenas

WoRMS Taxonomic Information

The requested name Melanochlamys wildpretii is not currently accepted (superseded combination).
Current accepted name: Spinoaglaja wildpretii Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003

Current classification

SuperdomainBiota
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassGastropoda
SubclassHeterobranchia
InfraclassEuthyneura
SubterclassTectipleura
OrderCephalaspidea
SuperfamilyPhilinoidea
FamilyAglajidae
GenusSpinoaglaja
SpeciesSpinoaglaja wildpretii Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003

Classification provided by the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). [744386]

Taxonomic note: Melanochlamys wildpretii Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003 was originally described based on specimens collected in Gran Canaria. The genus Melanochlamys was at that time recognized as a distinct lineage within the Aglajidae, characterized by its external morphology and internal shell structure. Ortea, Espinosa, and Moro  (2007) established the genus Spinoaglaja, separating it from Philinopsis based on morphological characteristics such as the presence of spinelike structures on the internal shell. Ortea, Bacallado, and Moro (2013) reclassified Melanochlamys wildpretii as Spinoaglaja wildpretii, arguing that its morphological traits aligned better with the newly established genus. However, around the same period, Ornelas-Gatdula and Valdés (2012) published a molecular phylogenetic study suggesting that Spinoaglaja should be synonymized with Philinopsis, challenging its validity as a separate genus. This perspective was reinforced by Camacho-García et al. (2014) who also found molecular evidence contradicting the separation of Spinoaglaja. Zamora-Silva and Malaquias (2018) conducted a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study of the Aglajidae family, revealing new evolutionary lineages and proposed a revised classification. Based on their molecular analyses, they suggested that Melanochlamys wildpretii should be retained within the genus Melanochlamys, rather than being reclassified under Spinoaglaja. At OPK we support this conclusion until further studies say otherwise, because WoRMS taxonomic database currently states Spinoaglaja wildpretii as valid, but does not cite the work currently supporting this name.

Synonyms

  • Philinopsis wildpretii  (Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003)
  • Spinoaglaja wildpretii  (Ortea, Bacallado & Moro, 2003)

Description
The few specimens found so far measure about 10 mm in length but it is reported a maximum size of 25 mm (Horst & Juan, 2014). The body is elongated and stylized. The head shield is elongated, slightly lobed in the front side and widens just behind the area where the eyes are; the rear area becomes narrower and the rear edge, which reaches somewhere past than half of the body, is rounded. Posterior body lobes are of the same size and widen slightly outwards. The parapodial lobes are underdeveloped, leaving free the central region of the body. The foot is slightly wider than the head shield. The color of the animal is approximately light brown or orange with white pigment in different parts of the body: According to the samples, these white pigment spots form irregular shaped and sized stains on the head shield, in the parapodial lobes, and the posterior lobes, with an almost constant transverse white band in the middle of the body that covers the parapodial lobes and the rear area of the head shield. It is also usually pigmented white on the rear edge of the posterior lobes. Anterior lateral areas of the foot also have a white spot. The shell is internal and cannot seen by transparency.

Biology
According to the original description (Ortea et al. 2003), collected specimens of this species in the Canary Islands show burrowing habits and live in mud or sand bottoms with partially buried stones and covered with turf algae, between 4 and 15 m depth, where they move swiftly on the sediment and are able to bury themselves in a few seconds. The specimens found in the Mediterranean were found in sandy shallow waters near rocks where Acetabularia acetabulum and Liagora viscida algae grow (Horst et al. 2014) and also on leaves and rhizomes of Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa meadows with Caulerpa prolifera algae (Trainito et al. 2014). In the Greek islands there have been found empty shells of this species in sediment samples of a Zostera genus seagrass meadow (Manousis et al. 2012). In the Catalan coast of the Iberian Peninsula individuals of M.wildpretii have been observed among Posidonia rhizomes and among masses of photophilic algae (VIMAR).

Etymology

  • Melanochlamys. From Greek “melan”, black + “chlamys”, tunic.
  • Wildpretii. Dedicated to Professor D. Wolfredo Wildpret de la Torre (1933). Bachelor of Pharmacy for the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, participated in the creation of the Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of La Laguna, where he taught subjects such as botany and geobotany, and was founder of the subject Canary Flora and Vegetation. He was Professor of Botany until his retirement in 2003, when he became professor emeritus. His great-grandfather, Hermann Wildpret, was the botanical curator of the Botanical Garden of La Orotava.

Distribution
This species was described for the coast of the island of Gran Canaria (Ortea et al. 2003) and since then only a few specimens have been found, all in the Mediterranean Sea. Empty  shells in the Greek Islands (Manousis et al. 2012 ) and live specimens at the island of Sardinia (Trainito & Doneddu, 2014), on the French Mediterranean coast (Horst & Juan, 2014), in the Italian Salento (SalentoSommerso.it), in the island of Malta (Romani & Pagli, 2015) and in different locations of the Catalan coast (VIMAR and GROC) where they represent the first records of the species for the Iberian Peninsula.

Known georeferenced records of the species: Melanochlamys wildpretii
Sources:
OBIS
GROC 2010-2011
Enric Madrenas
João Pedro Silva
Bernard Picton
GBIF
OPK
VIMAR
Manuel Ballesteros
M@re Nostrum
Altres fonts
Marine Regions

Abundance

Western Mediterranean: ★☆☆☆☆
Eastern Mediterranean: ★☆☆☆☆
Atlantic Ocean: ★☆☆☆☆
Month

This chart displays the monthly observation probability for Melanochlamys wildpretii based on our own records.

More pictures

Melanochlamys wildpretii by Lluís Toll
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Lluís Toll
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Lluís Toll
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Enric Madrenas
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Enric Madrenas
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Enric Madrenas
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Enric Madrenas
Melanochlamys wildpretii @ Cap de Creus 11m 31-10-2015 by Enric Madrenas
Melanochlamys wildpretii @ Porto Cesareo (Lecce, Italy) 20-11-2015 by Fabio Vitale
Melanochlamys wildpretii @ Canarias 14/05/2012 by Aketza Herrero
Melanochlamys wildpretii by Nani Díez

Bibliography

    1246567 Melanochlamys wildpretii 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 13895 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Further reading

Cite this article as:

Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. & Pontes, M. (2025) "Melanochlamys wildpretii" in OPK-Opistobranquis. Published: 08/09/2014. Accessed: 27/07/2026. Available at (https://opistobranquis.info/en/?p=13895)