Thordisa filix

Thordisa filix Pruvot-Fol, 1951

Thordisa filix por Manuel Ballesteros

Descripción
Esta especie puede alcanzar los 40 mm de longitud, pero generalmente los ejemplares que se han citado miden entre 15 y 25 m de longitud. El color del animal es amarillo más o menos homogéneo con 1-2 zonas oscuras en el manto que se deben a las vísceras internas, algunos ejemplares son, no obstante, de tonos más claros. El dorso tiene numerosos tubérculos cónicos o ligeramente digitiformes y otros tubérculos alargados de tipo filiforme más dispersos y pigmentados de marrón en su extremo que forman una hilera de 5-6 tubérculos en el centro del dorso. El dorso es muy espiculoso, al igual que los tubérculos, que tienen espículas en su base en disposición estrellada. Los rinóforos son amarillentos pero tienen una fina pigmentación de color marrón en las laminillas, el ápice es blanquecino; la vaina rinofórica es algo elevada y su borde superior está tuberculado. La branquia está constituida por 4 hojas branquiales que se mantienen muy elevadas y que salen de una protuberancia basal única; las hojas branquiales son tripinnadas, finas y semitransparentes pero con el eje central de color marrón suave. La vaina branquial es poco elevada y su borde superior también está tuberculado. En el centro de las hojas branquiales se encuentra la papila anal que es bastante alta, de color parduzco y con 6-8 lobulaciones redondeadas en su borde superior. El pie es relativamente estrecho, de color amarillo uniforme y está surcado y hendido anteriormente. La boca se encuentra en una protuberancia bucal muy desarrollada y dispone de dos palpos labiales alargados y de color blanquecino. El orificio genital es muy aparente y se sitúa en la cara inferior del manto, a la derecha del cuerpo.

Biología
Se trata de una especie que vive a cierta profundidad en la plataforma continental, de modo que es difícil observarla en inmersión con escafandra autónoma. Se conocen muy pocos datos de su biología, La mayoría de los ejemplares conocidos han sido recolectados mediante arrastre comercial en fondos blandos o de maërl de 40-150 m de profundidad. Schmekel cita que la puesta es una cinta espiral con huevos amarillos de unas 120 micras. Se supone que come esponjas, como otras especies del mismo género.

Etimología

• Thordisa. Nombre femenino de origen nórdico, citado en las Sagas. Una mujer agradable a la vista, altiva y más bien dura de corazón.
• Filix. Del Latin significa “helecho”, probablemente relacionado con la forma de las branquias.

Distribución
Ésta es una especie poco común que se ha registrado principalmente en algunos puntos de la cuenca del Mediterráneo occidental: en Banyuls-sur-mer, Francia (Géry Parent, 1990; 1992); Golfo de Nápoles, Italia (Schmekel & Portmann, 1982); Cabo de Palos, Murcia, España (Templado et al., 1988); Blanes, Barcelona, España (Cervera et al., 1988); Mallorca (Domínguez et al., 2013); San Isidoro, Nardò, Italia (Perrone, 1998) y en la bahía de Piran, Eslovenia (Lipej y Mavrič [en] Zenetos et al., 2015) pero también hay algunos registros en la cuenca del Mediterráneo oriental: en Grecia (Koukouras, 2000), en Yassiada, Estambul, Turquía (Yokeş, 2001) y en la bahía de Haifa, Israel (Barash & Danin, 1992). Las únicas citas fuera del mar Mediterráneo corresponden a ejemplares encontrados en las costas de Arrábida, Portugal (Calado et al., 1999) y Sagres, Algarve, Portugal (García-Gómez et al., 1989). En el litoral catalán es una especie relativamente común en los caladeros comerciales de arrastre situados frente a Blanes, España.

Otras fotos

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Bibliografía

1246567 Thordisa filix 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 2233 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.

Más información

• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Flickr pictures
• Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
• ISRAMAR
• NCBI GenBank
• OBIS - Search by Taxon
• Sea Slug Forum
• World Register of Marine Species

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