Learchis poica

Learchis poica  Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1960

Learchis poica @ Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida, USA por Sandra Edwards

Descripción
Pequeño nudibranquio de hasta 14 mm de longitud. De color bastante variable, el patrón típico es el cuerpo translúcido con parches blancos en la cabeza y detrás de los rinóforos, que pueden formar una amplia banda mediodorsal continua desde la parte frontal de la cabeza hasta la punta de la cola. También puede haber una banda irregular de color blanco opaco a lo largo de cada costado del cuerpo, por debajo de las cerata. Tiene marcas de color anaranjado en la cabeza, que a menudo consisten en una línea naranja desde la base de los tentáculos orales hasta la base de los rinóforos. También puede haber un parche de color naranja a cada lado de la cabeza, que puede ser substituido por una línea de color naranja que parte de la base de los rinóforos hacia el pie, o desde la parte inferior de los rinóforos hacia la parte anterior de la cabeza por debajo de los tentáculos orales. Los rinóforos son descritos a menudo como anillados, perfoliados o lamelados, pero siempre tienen una disposición irregular de 6-10 anillos, algunos de los cuales son irregulares o incompletos (Edmunds, 1964). Los tentáculos orales son lisos. Los cerata se distribuyen en unos 8 grupos dispuestos en arcos, los situados hacia la parte posterior aparecen bastante juntos; son translúcidos con algunas manchas blancas dispersas (que cubren la mayor parte de los cerata en algunos especímenes), una banda blanca subterminal (también puede haber una banda naranja en algunos ejemplares) y un cnidosaco de color blanco en la punta terminal. La glándula digestiva puede verse por transparencia dentro de los cerata y podría ser de color marrón claro hasta marrón oscuro o incluso negro. Los ojos son de color negro. El pie es más estrecho que el cuerpo, especialmente en la parte anterior, con el borde anterior bilabiado, con tentáculos propodiales relativamente largos orientados hacia atrás cuando el animal está en movimiento. La cola es corta.

Biología
Los animales parecen moverse poco. A veces forman agrupaciones en los hidrozoos de los que se alimentan (Halocordyle disticha en las islas Canarias). Tiene la capacidad de retener los nematocistos activos de sus presas y almacenarlos en los cnidosacos ubicados en las puntas de los cerata. La puesta es una espiral festoneada de huevos blancos fijados sobre los hidrozoos de que se alimenta.

Etimología

• Learchis, de significado incierto, parece relacionado con la mitología griega, en la que hay una historia sobre Ino (una reina mortal de Tebas) y Atamante (un rey beocio, hijo de Eolo y Enárete) que cazó a su propio hijo Learco como un ciervo y lo mató. Los autores clásicos como Bergh rara vez explicaban el origen de los nombres propuestos, aunque solían basarse en la mitología griega y romana.
• Poica. No tenemos información sobre el origen de este nombre específico.

Distribución
La presente especie es el primer miembro del género del Atlántico. Se ha citado en Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Islas Caimán, Costa Rica, Curaçao, Granada, Jamaica, Martinica, México, Puerto Rico, Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas, Islas Vírgenes, EE.UU. y en Venezuela. También en Ghana, África Occidental (Edmunds, 1968), Madeira (Cervera y Malaquias, datos no publ.), Azores (Moro, com.pers.) y en las Islas Canarias (Moro, Bacallado y Ortea, 2010).

Otras fotos

Bibliografía

1246567 Learchis poica 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 22612 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.

Más información

• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Flickr pictures
• Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
• Jacksonville Shells
• NCBI GenBank
• Nudibranchs defend themselves with their food
• OBIS - Search by Taxon
• Sea Slug Forum
• Sea Slugs Guadeloupe
• World Register of Marine Species

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Agradecimientos
Muchas gracias a Sandra Edwards, Judy Townsend, Lureen Ferretti y, especialmente, a Anne DuPont por ponernos en contacto con sus compañeras de buceo que nos han proporcionado las imágenes de Learchis poica de Florida que ilustran esta especie. Muchas gracias también a Susan y Rick Coleman por las fotos de Learchis poica de Bonaire, que muestran una variedad cromática no presente en Florida.