Bermudella polycerelloides

Bermudella polycerelloides Ortea & Bouchet, 1983

Bermudella polycerelloides por Enrico Ricchitelli

Nota taxonómica: Los análisis filogenéticos y las pruebas de delimitación de especies de Paz-Sedano et al (2024) mostraron que Okenia longiductis Pola, Paz-Sedano, Macali, Minchin, Marchini, Vitale, Licchelli & Crocetta, 2019 y Okenia polycerelloides (Ortea & Bouchet, 1983) son la misma especie y, por lo tanto, O. longiductis es sinónimo de O. polycerelloides. El género Bermudella (especie tipo Polycerella zoobotryon / Bermudella zoobotryon (Smallwood, 1910)) fue erigido por Odhner (1941) para separar la especie Polycera zoobotryon con base en la presencia de un bulbo bucal y la forma de los dientes, que era similar a Goniodorididae. Las especies de Bermudella tienen papilas simples, cortas y digitiformes, distribuidas homogéneamente a lo largo de los lados del cuerpo. Además, se encuentran presentes pocas papilas dorsales con forma similar a las laterales, láminas dispersas en los rinóforos y tentáculos orales digitiformes. Una evaluación morfológica previa también agrupó a B. brunneomaculata, B. angelensis, B. pellucida y B. zoobotryon con base en las similitudes entre los tentáculos orales y las láminas rinoforales dispersas (Gosliner, 2004). Rudman (2004) agrupó las especies de Bermudella con base en la fuente de alimentación: briozoos ctenostomos (es decir, especies de Amathia Lamouroux, 1812). Por lo tanto, Paz-Sedano et al (2024) sugieren transferir todas estas especies a Bermudella hasta que se secuencie nuevo material.

Sinónimos

• Bermudella longiductis (Pola, Paz-Sedano, Macali, Minchin, Marchini, Vitale, Licchelli & Crocetta, 2019)
• Okenia longiductis Pola, Paz-Sedano, Macali, Minchin, Marchini, Vitale, Licchelli & Crocetta, 2019
• Okenia polycerelloides (Ortea & Bouchet, 1983)
• Okenia zoobotryon (Smallwood, 1910)

Descripción
Puede llegar a medir 10 mm de longitud. Tiene el cuerpo alargado de color blanquecino semitransparente, por lo que se pueden ver, por transparencia, los órganos internos de color grisáceo. Todo el cuerpo está recubierto de pequeñas manchas o puntuaciones de color marrón y de diferentes tamaños y densidad según los ejemplares. Los rinóforos están pigmentados de color marrón en la base, y son largos y gruesos, con sólo 4-5 laminillas en el extremo distal. Hay papilas alargadas con manchas marrones y blancas en el centro del dorso y alrededor de todo el manto, incluso delante de los rinóforos y detrás de la branquia. La branquia está formada por 7-8 hojas tripinnadas que rodean el ano, también con manchas marrones. El pie es apuntado en la cola, del mismo color y con las mismas manchas que el resto del cuerpo.

Biología
Vive asociado a colonias del briozoo gimnolemado Amathia verticillata, del cual se alimenta y sobre el que deposita la puesta, que tiene forma de cordón con los huevos de color blanco, dispuesto formando un círculo. Hasta su reciente descripción esta especie se había citado en el Mediterráneo como Okenia zoobotryon (Smallwood, 1910).

Etimología

• Bermudella. Relacionado con las islas Bermudas. El sufijo latín “-ella” es un diminutivo debido al pequeño tamaño de estos animales.
• Polycerelloides. De aspecto parecido a Polycera, un género de nudibranquios.

Distribución
Hasta el momento sólo se conoce del mar Adriático, a lo largo de las costas de Italia y de las costas catalanas, donde se ha observado en las Coves de Cala Maset de Sant Feliu de Guíxols y en la zona de baños del Fórum de Barcelona.

Vídeos

 

Otras fotos

Bibliografía

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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.

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