Guía de Opistobranquios Doridida Doridoidei Doridoidea Felimare picta

Felimare picta

Felimare picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)

Felimare picta @ Costa Brava por Enric Madrenas

Información taxonómica WoRMS

Nombre aceptado actual: Felimare picta (R. A. Philippi, 1836)

Clasificación actual

Superdomain	Biota
Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Mollusca
Class	Gastropoda
Subclass	Heterobranchia
Infraclass	Euthyneura
Subterclass	Ringipleura
Superorder	Nudipleura
Order	Doridida
Infraorder	Doridoidei
Superfamily	Chromodoridoidea
Family	Chromodorididae
Subfamily	Miamirinae
Genus	Felimare
Species	Felimare picta (R. A. Philippi, 1836)

Nota taxonómica: Las especies europeas atlánticas y mediterráneas de los géneros Hypselodoris y Chromodoris, después del análisis molecular de los Chromodorididae de Johnson & Gosliner (2012, Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7(4): 33479) se han incluido en los géneros Felimare Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967 (las especies de Hypselodoris) y Felimida Ev. Marcus, 1971 (las especies del género Chromodoris)

Sinónimos

Chromodoris cantrainii Bergh, 1879
Chromodoris elegans (Cantraine, 1835)
Chromodoris valenciennesi (Cantraine, 1841)
Doris calcarae Vérany, 1846
Doris elegans Cantraine, 1835
Doris lutescens Delle Chiaje in Verany, 1846
Doris nardi Vérany, 1846
Doris nardii Vérany, 1846
Doris picta Schultz in Philippi, 1836 (original)
Doris scacchi Delle Chiaje, 1830
Doris valenciennesi Cantraine, 1841
Glossodoris edenticulata White, 1952
Glossodoris picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
Glossodoris valenciennesi (Cantraine, 1841)
Glossodoris webbi (d’Orbigny, 1839)
Goniodoris elegans (Cantraine, 1835)
Hypselodoris edenticulata (White, 1952)
Hypselodoris elegans (Cantraine, 1835)
Hypselodoris picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
Hypselodoris picta picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
Hypselodoris picta webbi (d’Orbigny, 1839)
Hypselodoris valenciennesi (Cantraine, 1841)
Hypselodoris webbi (d’Orbigny, 1839)
Polycera webbi d’Orbigny, 1839

Descripción
Se trata de la especie de mayor tamaño de los cromodorídidos europeos ya que puede alcanzar más de 12 cm de longitud, aunque hay citas de animales de unos 20 cm. El cuerpo es muy alargado, alto, con el manto estrecho y sobrepasando a penas al pie por los lados. A la altura de la cabeza, el manto se ensancha ligeramente formando como un incipiente velo cefálico. La coloración de fondo del cuerpo es blanquecina o ligeramente azulada pero sobre este color aparecen numerosas manchas alargadas o puntuaciones de color amarillo que pueden variar en número y disposición según los diferentes ejemplares. Las manchas amarillas también se encuentran presentes en los lados del cuerpo. Esta es la típica coloración de los ejemplares “claros” ya que con menos frecuencia se pueden encontrar ejemplares “azules” en los que la coloración de fondo es de este color y las manchas amarillas menos numerosas. Los rinóforos no son muy grandes y tienen el mismo color que el cuerpo, excepto el ápice que es azulado. Las laminillas se presentan en los dos tercios superiores del rinóforo, la base es lisa y la vaina rinofórica es poco elevada y su borde superior es liso y de color amarillo. La branquia está constituida por 10-12 hojas de color verde-amarillento o ligeramente azuladas según los ejemplares, que se mantienen bastante juntas cuando están extendidas. Las hojas branquiales son relativamente estrechas y tienen finas laminillas a ambos lados del raquis. La vaina branquial es bastante elevada, de borde liso y dispone también de manchas y puntuaciones amarillas. Frecuentemente las líneas amarillas del dorso confluyen hacia el borde superior de la vaina branquial. El pie es blanquecino o ligeramente azulado, por delante la boca presenta dos pequeños tentáculos orales con el extremo azulado. La cola es robusta y también tiene manchas amarillas, su extremo suele ser azulado.

Biología
Esta especie es relativamente frecuente de observar en paredes rocosas con abundantes algas, esponjas y otros invertebrados, principalmente en zonas poco iluminadas, desde el infralitoral superior hasta unos 50 m en el Mediterráneo. Su dieta se compone de esponjas como Dysidea fragilis, Ircinia fasciculata y Pleraplysilla spinifera (McDonald & Nybakken, 2001). La puesta está constituida por una cinta espiral de unos 6 mm de alto con huevos naranja de unas 170 micras de diámetro (Ortea, et al. 1996). Por casi todo el borde del manto, pero principalmente a la altura de los rinóforos y a los lados y por detrás de la branquia hay numerosas glándulas blanquecinas (formaciones dérmicas del manto o MDF´s) que contienen una sustancia, la longifolina, que al ser expulsada al exterior por el animal cuando es molestado tiene una fuerte acción antidepredante y es por lo tanto de acción defensiva.

Etimología

Picta. Del Latín Pictus, que significa “pintado”.

Distribución
F. picta se ha citado tanto en la costa atlántica occidental (Florida, Golfo de México) como en el Atlántico oriental, desde Angola hasta Cabo Verde, Canarias, Madeira y Azores, la Península Ibérica y todo el Mediterráneo. En la Península Ibérica es conocida de todas sus zonas costeras tanto atlánticas como Mediterráneas (Cervera et al. 2004), también en la Baleares. En las costas catalanas ha sido observada en numerosas localidades de la Costa Brava y también en el litoral de Tarragona (Folch, 2013). En la mayoría de los registros anteriores a 1990 la especie ha sido citada bajo los nombres de valenciennesi, elegans o webbi.

Citas georeferenciadas conocidas de la especie: Felimare picta

Fonts:

	OBIS
	GROC 2010-2011
	Enric Madrenas
	João Pedro Silva
	Bernard Picton
	GBIF

	OPK
	VIMAR
	Manuel Ballesteros
	M@re Nostrum
	Altres fonts
	Marine Regions

Abundancia

Mediterráneo occidental:	★★☆☆☆
Mediterráneo oriental:	★★☆☆☆
Océano Atlántico:	★★☆☆☆

Mes

Esta gráfica muestra la probabilidad de observación mensual de Felimare picta basada en nuestros propios registros.

Videos

Otras fotos

Felimare picta

Felimare picta juvenil

Felimare picta

Felimare picta expelling defensive substances by Manuel Ballesteros

Felimare picta (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva

Felimare picta azorica (Portugal) by Joao Pedro Silva

Radula de Felimare picta by Luis Sánchez-Tocino

Felimare picta (Atlantic form) @ Canary Islands, 28m, by Manuel Martínez Chacón

Felimare picta (copula) @ Tarifa by Manuel Martínez Chacón

Felimare picta mouth detail @ Los Berengueles, Granada by Sergio López (GranadaSubmarina.com)

Felimare picta @ Mallorca by Lenka Juskaničová

Felimare picta juvenile @ Mallorca by Lenka Juskaničová

Double gilled Felimare picta @ Playa Chica, Lanzarote, Spain by David Thompson

Felimare picta (juvenile) @ Limanakia, Greece 5-09-2012 by Ariane Dimitris

Felimare picta & Felimare tricolor @ Albufeira, Portugal 7-05-2016 by Stefan Verhayen

Felimare picta & Felimare tricolor @ Albufeira, Portugal 7-05-2016 by Stefan Verheyen

Felimare picta @ La Herradura, Granada, Spain 3-04-2017 by Stefan Verheyen

Felimare picta by Stefan Verheyen

Felimare picta @ Es Caials, Cadaqués (Spain) 21/11/2015

Felimare picta @ Ullastre 3, Llafranc, Spain 16-02-2019 by Sara Fuertes

Felimare picta @ Sicily, Italy by Lara Orselli

Felimare picta juvenile @ Etang de Thau, France by Pascal Girard

Felimare picta @ France by Pascal Girard

Felimare picta gills detail @ France by Pascal Girard

Felimare picta @ Costa Brava, Spain by Manuel Ballesteros

Felimare picta @ Costa Brava, Spain by Miquel Pontes

Felimare picta @ Costa Brava by Enric Madrenas

Bibliografía

1246567 Felimare picta 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 533 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/

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Citar este artículo como:

Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. & Pontes, M. (2025) "Felimare picta" en OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicado: 16/05/2012. Accedido: 27/07/2026. Disponible en (https://opistobranquis.info/es/?p=533)

Felimare picta

Felimare picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)

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Felimare picta

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