Rostanga rubra

Rostanga rubra (Risso, 1818)

• Doris coccinea Forbes, 1848
• Doris rubra Risso, 1818 (original)
• Rostanga perspicillata Bergh, 1881
• Rostanga rufescens Iredale & O’Donoghue, 1923
• Rostanga temarana Pruvot-Fol, 1953

Descripció
Els exemplars poden arribar a mesurar uns 20 mm, tot i que generalment tenen entre 10-15 mm. La coloració general del cos és vermellosa homogènia però els dors es troba esquitxat per petites taques brunes més abundants en ambdós costats del nòtum i algunes taques blanques irregulars, destacant una taca blanca més constant situada entre els dos rinòfors. Tot el dors esta adornat amb nombrosos i apretats tubercles del tipus cariofilideu que fins i tot poden observar-se a simple vista. Cadascun d’aquests tubercles té una base cilíndrica que s’amplia de forma acampanada en la part superior i que té de 5-7 espines divergents en el seu marge; en el centre de la campana del tubercle hi ha un botó central arrodonit. Els rinòfors son de color bru tot i que algunes laminetes tenen l’extrem blanquinós; La beina branquial també té tubercles cariofilideus en un nombre de 15-16. El peu és relativament estret i punxegut a la cua. Al davant disposa de dos curts palps orals.

Biologia
Aquesta acolorida espècie de doridaci es sol trobar sota les pedres des de la zona intermareal o en parets amb algues i esponges fins a uns 60 m de fondària. Diferents autors han citat que s’alimenta de l’esponja vermellosa Clathria (=Microciona) atrasanguinea, una esponja silícia incrustant de color vermell de la que es suposa que el nudibranqui extreu el pigment que li dona color al cos. També se l’ha citat sobre les esponges Hymeniacidon sanguínea o Ophlitaspongia pennata, tanmateix incrustants i d’un color semblant a Clathria. En tots aquests casos el nudibranqui guarda un perfecte mimetisme cromàtic amb l’esponja i, per aquesta raó, no és fàcil observar-lo.

Etimologia

• Rostanga. Posiblemente es refereixi a la població sueca de Röstånga.
• Rubra. Del Llatí “rubrus”, vermell.

Distribució
Es distribueix per tot el Mediterrani i per les costes atlàntiques europees fins Noruega. També citada en Cap Verd, Canàries i Madeira. En la Península Ibérica ha estat trobada en totes les zones costaneres. En les costes catalanes s’ha localitzat esporàdicament en la Costa Brava (zona del Cap de Creus, L’Escala i Begur).

Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Rostanga rubra

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Videos

Altres fotos

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Enric Madrenas

Radula of Rostanga rubra by Manuel Ballesteros

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Manuel Ballesteros

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Enric Madrenas

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Enric Madrenas

Rostanga rubra alimentándose por Carlos Fernández-Cid

Rostanga rubra (Atlantic) con puesta, by Carlos Fernández-Cid

Rostanga rubra by José Carlos García Gómez

Rostanga rubra by José Carlos García Gómez

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Enric Madrenas

Rostanga rubra by Nani Díez

Rostanga rubra @ L’Escala by Enric Madrenas

Rostanga rubra @ Costa Brava, Spain by Manuel Ballesteros

Rostanga rubra @ Granada por Luis Sánchez Tocino

Bibliografia

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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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