Thordisa azmanii

Thordisa azmanii Cervera & García-Gómez, 1989

Descripció
El cos té forma ovalada i pot arribar a una longitud màxima de 15mm. És de color taronja a marró fosc, amb el dors convex i de textura espiculosa. El mantell, les vores del qual tenen petits punts blancs, està cobert de tubercles espiculats de forma cònica de diferents mides, els majors estan tacats de color blanc a l’extrem, i els de menor grandària apareixen alineats en les vores del mantell i de les beines rinofòriques i branquials, el que els dóna una aparença irregular. La part inferior del mantell permet observar la disposició radial de les espícules en el teixit, així com agrupacions ramificades. El peu, de color groc clar, és bilabiat i espiculós, i ocasionalment s’estén per darrere del mantell quan l’animal està en moviment. La vora posterior del peu té minúscules taques blanques. Els tentacles orals són curts i tenen forma cilíndrica. Els rinòfors, de color marró fosc, tenen entre 9 i 11 làmines, les puntes de les 3 o 4 més distals estan tacades de blanc. La ploma branquial té de 5 a 7 fulles bipinnades, de color marró fosc en la seva part basal i color blanc a la part distal, tot envoltant la papil·la anal.

Biologia
Els exemplars trobats a Galícia (Almon et al. 2011) vivien sobre esponges del gènere Raspailia: en concret Raspailia hispida (Montagu, 1818), Raspailia (Raspailia) ramosa (Montagu, 1818) i Raspailia (Raspailia) cf. viminalis (Schmidt, 1862) i se suposa que s’alimenten d’elles, però aquest fet no s’ha pogut comprovar. La posta consisteix en una cinta de color groc clar, fixada per un dels seus costats al substrat -generalment a l’esmentada esponja-, enrotllada en una espiral d’entre una i dues voltes, amb ous d’unes 100 micres de diàmetre, disposats transversalment en files d’uns 25 en dues capes superposades (Ortea et Martínez, 1990). Observada a una certa distància l’aspecte general d’aquest nudibranqui és similar a la de l’briozou Cellepora pumicosa, el que podria entendre com una forma de camuflatge en què l’animal adopta l’aspecte d’una espècie poc atractiva per als depredadors.  El notus espiculós facilita la retenció de partícules de detritus en la mateixa forma que les esponges Raspailia, de forma que poden passar inadvertits als predadors.

Etimologia

• Thordisa. Nom femení d’origen nòrdic, citat a les Sagues. Una dona agradable a la vista, altiva i més aviat dura de cor.
• Azmanii, en honor del Dr. J. Azmani (M.D.), per “eliminar una malaltia crònica d’un de nosaltres” (Cervera et García-Gómez, 1989).

Distribució
Aquesta espècie ha estat citada a les costes atlàntiques de la península Ibèrica: a Cadis (Cervera & García Gómez, 1989), a Portugal (García Gómez, 1991), a la ria d’Arousa, Galícia (Almon et al., 2011) i a Cudillero, Astúries (Ortea & Martínez, 1990 com a T.diuda). Els exemplars d’Astúries i Cadis es van recollir en l’intermareal, mentre que els de Galícia es van trobar en immersió a 20 metres, de manera que la seva distribució batimètrica no està clara. També ha estat trobada a les costes de St.Agnes, Cornwall, Gran Bretanya (Picton, 1978 [in] Medslugs) i a Ouessant, a la Bretanya francesa (Roche, F. [in] NE Atlantic Nudibranchs, 2018), també a les Açores (Chan & Gosliner, 2007). Hi ha una cita de Cap Verd (Ortea & Cabrera, 1999) com a T.diuda que probablement correspon a T.azmanii, ja que els autors la assimilen a les troballes del Nord d’Espanya, encara que (Alvim & Pimenta, 2013) només indiquen que NO és T.diuda. Hi ha molt poques cites d’aquesta espècie a la Mediterrània: fins el moment només s’ha trobat a Granada (Sánchez Tocino et al., 2000) i a L’Escala, Girona (Madrenas, E. com. pers.). La troballa de Federico Betti a Numana, Itàlia el 2010, s’ha verificat que no pertany al gènere Thordisa, sinó al gènere Doris.

Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Thordisa azmanii

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Altres fotos

Thordisa azmanii @ Granada by Luis Sánchez Tocino

Thordisa azmanii @ Granada by Luis Sánchez Tocino

Thordisa azmanii @ Granada by Luis Sánchez Tocino

Thordisa azmanii @ Granada by Luis Sánchez Tocino

Thordisa azmanii @ St.Agnes, Cornwall, United Kingdom 25-03-1978 CC-BY-SA by Bernard Picton

Thordisa azmanii @ Bajo O Champiñon, Ria de Arousa, Galicia, Spain 10-06-2011 in 22m

Bibliografia

1246567 Thordisa azmanii 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 24885 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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