Berthella plumula

Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803)

• Berthella porosa de Blainville, 1824
• Bulla plumula Montagu, 1803 (original)
• Cleanthus montagui Leach, 1852
• Lamellaria kleciachi Brusina, 1866
• Pleurobranchus brevifrons Philippi, 1844
• Pleurobranchus fleuriausi d’Orbigny, 1837
• Pleurobranchus perforatus Philippi, 1844
• Pleurobranchus plumula (Montagu)
• Sigaretus stomatellus Risso, 1826

Nota taxonòmica:Després de l’estudi de Ghanimi et al. (2020) del complex d’espècies de Berthella stellata, resulta que l’espècie coneguda fins ara com Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803) és en realitat un complex de dues espècies diferenciades; el nom B. plumula es manté per als exemplars de l’Atlàntic, mentre que el nom Berthella perforata (Philippi, 1844) es proposa per als exemplars de la Mediterrània.

Descripció
És uns espècie que pot mesurar fins 35 mm. La coloració general del cos és blanquinosa o de color groc pàl·lid tot i que algun animal pot presentar coloracions més ataronjades. En el centre del dors s’aprecien per transparència les vísceres de color marró clar. El mantell és prou aplanat i es caracteritza per presentar un reticulat constituït per petites depressions de diferents formes i que son les que proporcionen l’aspecte porós dels dors. Gràcies a la lupa binocular poden observar-se dins l’epidèrmis del mantell nombroses espícules del tipus estrellat. La conquilla interna també pot visualitzar-se en la zona central del mantell. El vel cefàlic, els rinòfors, la brànquia i el peu son blanquinosos o de color groguenc. La brànquia està lliure en un  terç aproximadament de la seva longitud total y disposa d’unes 20 laminetes a ambdós costats del raquis central.

Biologia
A les costes catalanes apareix esporàdicament durant l’ immersió sota pedres a poca fondària o associada a rizomes de Posidònia oceànica. El peu d’aquesta espècie té glàndules que poden segregar secrecions defensives de caràcter àcid. Es coneixen poques dades al voltant de la biologia d’aquesta espècie, que podria alimentar-se d’esponges o tunicats colonials.

Etimologia

• Berthella. Probablement dedicada a Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880), un naturalista francès que es va enrolar a la Marina i va participar en les guerres napoleòniques. Va viure part de la seva vida a les illes Canàries amb el càrrec de cónsul francès a Tenerife. L’abreviatura “Berth” es fa servir per indicar a Sabin Berthelot com a autoritat en la descripció i classificació científica dels vegetals. Va escriure la “Historia Natural de Canarias” i va dirigir el Jardí Botànic del Puerto de la Cruz.
• Plumula. D’origen llatí. El primer brot d’una planta jove; el brot, o punt de creixement, de l’embrió d’una planta.

Distribució
Aquesta espècie habita a totes les costes atlàntiques europees. Els exemplars mediterranis han estat classificats, després del treball de Ghanimi et al.(2020) com a B.perforata. A la Península Ibèrica ha estat observada i recol·lectada al llarg de tot el litoral Atlàntic, també a Madeira, les Açores i les illes Canàries.

Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Berthella plumula

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Altres fotos

Berthela plumula (Atlantic) by Carlos Fernández-Cid

Bibliografia

1246567 Berthella plumula 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 394 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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