Berthella perforata
Berthella perforata (Philippi, 1844)
Berthella perforata @ L'Escala per Enric Madrenas
Informació taxonòmica WoRMS Nom acceptat actual: Berthella perforata (R. A. Philippi, 1844)
Classificació actual Sinònims
Pleurobranchus (Bouvieria ) perforatus Philippi, 1844
Pleurobranchus perforatus Philippi, 1844
Nota taxonòmica: Antigament coneguda a la Mediterrània com a Berthella plumula , després de l’estudi de Ghanimi et al. (2020) va resultar que Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803) és en realitat un complex de dues espècies diferenciades; el nom B. plumula es manté per als exemplars de l’Atlàntic, mentre que el nom Berthella perforata (Philippi, 1844) es proposa per als exemplars de la Mediterrània.
Descripció
És una espècie que pot mesurar fins 35 mm. La coloració general del cos és blanquinosa o de color groc pàl·lid tot i que algun animal pot presentar coloracions més ataronjades. En el centre del dors s’aprecien per transparència les vísceres de color marró clar. El mantell és prou aplanat i es caracteritza per presentar un reticulat constituït per petites depressions de diferents formes i que son les que proporcionen l’aspecte porós dels dors. La identificació visual d’exemplars de B. perforata és problemàtica a causa de la variació del color d’aquesta espècie. Alguns dels exemplars presenten un patró de marques estel·lades similar al d’exemplars de B. stellata , mentre que d’altres són groguencs o blanquinosos, sense marques estel·lades, que s’assemblen a l’espècie atlàntica B. plumula . Gràcies a la lupa binocular poden observar-se dins l’epidèrmis del mantell nombroses espícules del tipus estrellat. La conquilla interna també pot visualitzar-se en la zona central del mantell. El vel cefàlic, els rinòfors, la brànquia i el peu son blanquinosos o de color groguenc. La brànquia esta lliure en un terç aproximadament de la seva longitud total y disposa d’unes 20 laminetes a ambdós costats de la raquis central.
Biologia
En les costes catalanes apareix esporàdicament durant l’ immersió sota pedres a poca fondària o associada a rizomes de Posidònia oceànica . El peu d’aquesta espècie té glàndules que poden segregar secrecions defensives de caràcter àcid. Es coneixen poques dades al voltant de la biologia d’aquesta espècie, que podria alimentar-se d’esponges o tunicats colonials.
Etimologia
Berthella . Probablement dedicada a Sabin Berthelot (1794-1880), un naturalista francès que es va enrolar a la Marina i va participar en les guerres napoleòniques. Va viure part de la seva vida a les illes Canàries amb el càrrec de cónsul francès a Tenerife. L’abreviatura “Berth ” es fa servir per indicar a Sabin Berthelot com a autoritat en la descripció i classificació científica dels vegetals. Va escriure la “Historia Natural de Canarias” i va dirigir el Jardí Botànic del Puerto de la Cruz.
Plumula . D’origen llatí. El primer brot d’una planta jove; el brot, o punt de creixement, de l’embrió d’una planta.
Distribució
Aquesta espècie habita a totes les costes europees, tant a les atlàntiques com a les mediterrànies. A la Península Ibèrica ha estat observada i recol·lectada al llarg de tot el litoral. A les costes catalanes és una espècie poc freqüent.
Abundància
Mediterrània occidental:
★★★☆☆
Mediterrània oriental:
★★☆☆☆
Oceà Atlàntic:
☆☆☆☆☆
Mes
Aquesta gràfica mostra la probabilitat d’observació mensual de Berthella perforata basada en els nostres propis registres.
Videos
VIDEO
VIDEO
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Bibliografia
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Berthella perforata
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Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2025) "Berthella perforata" a OPK-Opistobranquis . Publicat: 28/11/2020. Accedit: 27/07/2026. Disponible a (https://opistobranquis.info/ca/?p=30873 )