Learchis poica

Learchis poica  Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1960

Learchis poica @ Lake Worth Lagoon, Florida, USA per Sandra Edwards

Descripció
Petit nudibranqui de fins a 14 mm. de longitud. De color força variable, el patró típic té el cos translúcid amb taques blanques al cap i darrere dels rinòfors, que poden formar una àmplia banda mig-dorsal contínua des de la part frontal del cap fins a la punta de la cua. També pot haver-hi una banda irregular de color blanc opac al llarg de cada costat del cos, per sota de les cerata. Té marques de color ataronjat al cap, que sovint consisteixen en una línia taronja que va des de la base dels tentacles orals fins la base dels rinòfors. També pot haver-hi una taca de color taronja a cada costat del cap, que pot ser substituïda per una línia de color taronja que parteix de la base dels rinòfors cap al peu, o des de la part inferior dels rinòfors cap a la part anterior del cap per sota dels tentacles orals. Els rinòfors sovint són descrits com anellats, perfoliats o lamel·lats, però sempre tenen una disposició irregular de 6-10 anells, alguns dels quals són irregulars o incomplets (Edmunds, 1964). Els tentacles orals són llisos. Les cerata es distribueixen en uns 8 grups disposats en arcs, els situats més al darrere apareixen bastant junts; són translúcids amb algunes taques blanques disperses (que cobreixen la major part dels cerata en alguns espècimens), una banda blanca subterminal (també pot haver-hi una banda taronja en alguns exemplars) i un cnidosac de color blanc a l’extrem terminal. La glàndula digestiva es pot veure per transparència dins de les cerata i podria ser de color marró clar fins a marró fosc o fins i tot negre. Els ulls són de color negre. El peu és més estret que el cos, especialment en la part anterior, amb la vora anterior bilabiada, amb tentacles propodials relativament llargs orientats cap enrere quan l’animal està en moviment. La cua és curta.

Biologia
Els animals semblen moure’s poc. De vegades forma agrupacions sobre els hidrozous de que s’alimenten (Halocordyle disticha a les illes Canàries). Té la capacitat de retenir els nematocists actius de les seves preses i emmagatzemar-los en els cnidosacs ubicats als extrems de les cerata. La posta és una espiral fistonada d’ous blancs fixada sobre la tija dels hidrozous de que s’alimenten.

Etimologia

• Learchis, de significat incert, sembla relacionat amb la mitologia grega, en la que hi ha una història sobre Ino (una reina mortal de Tebes) i Atamant (un rey beoci, fill de Èol i Enàrete) que va caçar el seu propi fill Learc com un cèrvol i el va matar. Els autors clàssics com Bergh rara vegada explicaven l’origen dels noms proposats, encara que solien basar-se en la mitologia grega i romana.
• Poica. No tenim informació sobre l’origen d’aquest nom específic.

Distribució
La present espècie és el primer membre del gènere trobat a l’oceà Atlàntic. S’ha citat a Aruba, Bahames, Barbados, Illes Caiman, Costa Rica, Curaçao, Granada, Jamaica, Martinica, Mèxic, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent i les Grenadines, Illes Verges, EUA i a Veneçuela. També a Ghana, Àfrica Occidental (Edmunds, 1968), Madeira (Cervera i Malaquias, dades no publ.), Açores (Moro, com.pers.) i a les Illes Canàries (Moro, Bacallado i Ortea, 2010).

Altres fotos

Bibliografia

1246567 Learchis poica 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 22612 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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• Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Flickr pictures
• Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
• Jacksonville Shells
• NCBI GenBank
• Nudibranchs defend themselves with their food
• OBIS - Search by Taxon
• Sea Slug Forum
• Sea Slugs Guadeloupe
• World Register of Marine Species

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Agraïments
Moltes gràcies a Sandra Edwards, Judy Townsend, Lureen Ferretti i, especialment, a Anne DuPont per posar-nos en contacte amb les seves companyes de busseig, que ens han proporcionat les imatges de Learchis poica de Florida que il·lustren aquesta espècie. Gràcies també a Susan i Rick Coleman per les fotos de Learchis poica de Bonaire, que mostren una varietat cromàtica no present a Florida.