Crimora papillata

Crimora papillata (Alder & Hancock, 1862)

Crimora papillata @ L'Escala per Enric Madrenas

Descripció
És una espècie que pot arribar a uns 30 mm de longitud en aigües atlàntiques europees, però que no sol passar dels 10-15 mm a la Mediterrània. El color del cos, segons els exemplars, pot ser blanc (principalment els exemplars d’aigües atlàntiques del nord d’Europa) o amb un tint groguenc més o menys fort, però sempre semitransparent, podent-se observar algunes vísceres a través del tegument. El dors no és llis sinó que està sembrat de petits tubercles de forma desigual que també es troben en els marges del mantell. El marge anterior del cap té una sèrie de tubercles irregulars, bifurcats o trifurcats i acabats en punta. Les parets laterals del cos i el dors de la cua també tenen tubercles. Tots aquests tubercles són de color groc o ataronjat. Els rinòfors tenen una zona superior amb unes 15 laminetes de color groc mentre que la part basal és semitransparent; la beina rinofòrica és poc elevada i la seva vora superior és llisa. A la part posterior del dors hi ha 3 fulles branquials unides per la seva base i dirigides cap enrere, són semitransparents però tenen l’eix central ataronjat. Les fulles branquials són bipinnades i simplement contràctils. Una mica per davant de la brànquia es troba la regió cardíaca, podent-se observar a la lupa binocular i per transparència les contraccions del cor. El peu és relativament estret en la seva zona anterior, on forma dos curts tentacles propodials; tendeix a eixamplar-se pel darrere formant una cua que sobresurt àmpliament per la part posterior i pels costats del mantell de l’animal. La boca apareix com una esquerda longitudinal enmig d’un vel bucal ampli i semicircular.

Biologia
Aquesta espècie sol trobar-se a la zona infralitoral, des de 5 fins a 50 m de profunditat, gairebé sempre sobre o al voltant de les colònies de briozous de les que s’alimenta, com ara Bugula sp., Chartella papyracea, Ch.tenella, Flustra foliacea, Securiflustra securifrons o Membranipora membranacea. A les costes de Catalunya s’han pogut observar postes d’aquesta espècie sobre el briozou Flustra foliacea; les postes estan formades per una cinta estreta, d’aproximadament 1.5 mm d’ample, enrotllada formant una espiral irregular de dues voltes i mitja i amb una mida d’uns 9 x 6 mm. Els ous, d’unes 80-90 micres de diàmetre, són grocs, existint uns 12-13 ous a l’ample de la cinta.

Etimologia

• Crimora, gènere descrit per Alder & Hancock el 1862, dedicat a la filla de Rinval, heroïna de la poesia gaèlica que, en els Poemes d’Ossian, va morir de dolor després de matar per error a Connal, l’amor de la seva vida.
• papillata fa referència a que poseeix papil·les, segons recull el glossari de nom llatins d’en Bernard Picton en el seu web Nudibranchs of the British Isles

Distribució
Aquesta espècie, després de ser descrita per Alder & Hancock el 1862 no torna a ser esmentada fins a gairebé 100 anys més tard, quan Gantes (1956) la troba a la costa atlàntica del Marroc. Poc després és citada a la Mediterrània (Banyuls-sur-Mer, Haefelfinger, 1962; Nàpols, Schmekel, 1968). Ros (1975) és el primer a citar la seva presència en aigües ibèriques amb la recol·lecció de diversos exemplars a Fuenterrabía. Actualment se la coneix de les costes atlàntiques europees, des d’Irlanda i les illes Britàniques a la Península Ibèrica i les illes Canàries. A la Península Ibèrica s’ha citat en totes les seves zones costaneres atlàntiques i mediterrànies, també coneguda a les Balears (Darder, 2011). A les costes catalanes ha estat observada en diferents localitats de la Costa Brava com les illes Medes i les illes Formigues.

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Bibliografia

1246567 Crimora papillata 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 424 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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