Goniodoridella picoensis

Goniodoridella picoensis Paz-Sedano, Ortigosa & Pola, 2017

Goniodoridella picoensis @ Palamós per Enric Madrenas

Descripció
Cos de mida petita, d’uns 5 mm de longitud, alt i allargat. Hi ha tres formes de color citades a la localitat tipus: alguns espècimens són de color groc brillant amb les puntes dels rinòfors, brànquies i cua de color ataronjat, altres espècimens són blancs amb les puntes de rinòfors, brànquies i cua de color groc, mentre que el tercer grup mostra una coloració de base transparent groguenca i les puntes dels òrgans externs i la cua poden tenir, o no, coloració ataronjada o groga. El mantell està recobert de llargues espícules de diferents mides i amb protuberàncies al llarg d’elles. Hi ha una vora notal ben desenvolupat amb cinc papil·les laterals, distribuïdes simètricament a banda i banda de el cos. Dues papil·les es troben per davant dels rinòfors, dues darrere de les brànquies i les tres restants creixen a banda i banda del cos entre els rinòfors i les brànquies. Les papil·les són cilíndriques, llargues i estretes, més llargues i amples com més a la part posterior de l’animal. Una sola papil mitjana creix al mig del dors, a l’extrem d’una cresta mig-dorsal que arriba fins als rinòfors. Els rinòfors són allargats i prims, amb entre 7 i 9 laminetes a la part posterior i lateral dels rinòfors, però absents en la seva part frontal. Les puntes dels rinòfors no tenen laminetes. Les brànquies estan formades per 4 fulles unipinnades que envolten l’anus, les dues més anteriors creixen a partir d’una tija comuna; seva forma i longitud són similars a les de les papil·les. El peu és llarg i prim. Dos tentacles orals relativament curts es troben a banda i banda de la boca. El gonoporus es troba al costat dret de el cos.

Biologia
Tot i que es desconeix la seva dieta, es pot suposar que aquesta espècie s’alimenta de petits briozous com les altres espècies del gènere Goniodoridella. Lombardo & Marletta (2024) documenten aquesta espècie sobre el briozou Nolella sp. No es coneixen més detalls de la seva biologia.

Etimologia

• Picoensis. En referència a l’illa de Pico, a l’arxipèlag d’Açores, on es va trobar aquesta espècie.

Distribució
Originalment descrita a l’illa de Pico, a l’arxipèlag de les Açores (Pola et al., 2017), posteriorment ha estat reportada al llarg de tota la Mediterrània, excepte a l’Adriàtic (de moment), amb cites des del mar de Alborà fins a Israel que s’han produït en qüestió de mesos, un ràpid progrés detallat a l’article de Trainito. et al., 2022. La primera cita per a aigües ibèriques (Pontes & Madrenas, 2021) va ser realitzada a La Herradura, Granada, Espanya amb fotos de David Ballesteros, però el juny de 2021 va aparèixer a Tamariu, Catalunya, Espanya, reportada per Maria Pichlmaier a 8 metres d’aigua en una paret obaga. El febrer del 2022 va aparèixer a Eivissa, Illes Balears, segons fotos d’en Joan Pereyra. L’any 2023 ha estat freqüent en la majoria de punts d’immersió de la Costa Brava, cosa que sorpren per la seva recent aparició en aquestes costes. A finals de 2024 va aparèixer de forma freqüent per tota la costa del Maresme, aprop de Barcelona.

Espècies similars
Quant a la seva coloració i morfologia externa, només dos taxons atlàntics s’assemblen a Goniodoridella picoensis: Okenia sp.1 de el llibre de Valdés et al. (2006: p.126) mostra un espècimen colectat a Flamingo Bay, Illes Verges (Bahames) que comparteix el mateix nombre i distribució de papil·les laterals i mig-dorsals. També Okenia miramarae Ortea i Espinosa, 2000, descrita a partir de dos espècimens recol·lectats a Miramar, l’Havana (Cuba) amb el color de fons de el cos blanc amb les puntes de les laminetes, rinòfors i brànquies de color taronja clar i una taca rosa violàcia darrere de les brànquies, també amb papil laterals extraordinàriament grans a cada costat de la brànquia, que excedeixen la longitud de la cua quan l’animal es mou. G. picoensis té aquestes papil·les bastant llargues, però mai tan llargues com les descrites per O. miramarae. G. picoensis té rinòfors laminats i no té tubercles com O. miramarae. Recentment, O.miramarae va ser citada a Taliarte, Gran Canària, Illes Canàries, basant-se dues fotografies (Moro et al., 2016: p.21, pl.7) però sense espècimens recol·lectats que sospitem que pertanyen a G. picoensis, però calen més estudis anatòmics i moleculars de nous espècimens de Canàries per aclarir aquest assumpte.

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Altres fotos

Bibliografia

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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

Més informació

• El Litoral de Granada
• GBIF - Global Biodiversity Information Facility
• World Register of Marine Species

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