Berghia marinae

Berghia marinae Carmona, Pola, Gosliner & Cervera, 2014

Berghia marinae @ Mataró per Manuel Ballesteros

Descripció
El cos és allargat i estilitzat, aprimant-se gradualment cap a l’extrem posterior de el peu. El color del cos és blanc translúcid amb taques blanques brillants opaques al notum que, d’altra banda, és de color marró clar a causa de la glàndula digestiva de l’interior. El pericardi és més o menys cobert per una marca taronja (pot ser gairebé invisible o bé de colors brillants). Cada costat del cap té una taca de color taronja en forma de bumerang que s’estreny gradualment fins a la base dels tentacles orals. Els tentacles orals són de color marró amb granulacions de color blanc iridescent o groc pàl·lid acolorint els extrems. Els rinòfors són de color taronja a la part basal i es tornen groguencs cap a la punta, que és blanca. Els rinòfors estan densament coberts de papil·les al costat posterior, on tenen les papil·les més o menys arrodonides, mentre que les situades en els costats són allargades i estan disposades perpendicularment a la seva base. Els ulls són visibles darrere de la base dels rinòfors. Els tentacles orals són allargats i més grans que els rinòfors. Els cerata, prims i de diàmetre bastant uniforme en la major part de la seva longitud, són de color marró amb una pigmentació blanca grisenca translúcida a les puntes (puntes arrodonides en la descripció original de l’espècie del Senegal, puntes afilades en els exemplars mediterranis) . A l’interior, la glàndula digestiva és de color marró clar i ocupa gairebé tot l’interior dels cerata, a l’extrem dels quals hi ha un anell subapical prim de color groguenc opac. Els cnidosacs són de color blanc. Els cerata s’insereixen en el cos formant fins a set arcs a cada costat de el cos, estenent-se des de la part posterior dels rinòfors gairebé fins a l’extrem posterior de el peu. Cada arc té entre 3 i 20 cerata, disminuint en longitud cap als costats i cap a la cua. Hi ha línies ataronjades seguint les vores interns de les insercions ceratals. L’anus es troba al costat dret de el cos, sota el segon arc ceratal, mentre que la genitalia es troba una mica més endavant, entre els cerata del primer arc dret. El peu és ample i gairebé translúcid, i en la part anterior té palps propodials tentaculiformes, translúcids i ben desenvolupats. La cua és llarga i afilada.

Biologia
A causa de la seva recent descripció se sap poc sobre la seva alimentació, però a l’igual que altres espècies del gènere, s’alimenta de cnidaris. La posta forma una espiral de 4 voltes, disposada en sentit antihorari, amb petits ous de color blanc.

Etimologia

• Marinae, dedicada a Marina Poddubestkaia, qui va subministrar als autors de mostres d’Aeolidiidae de França.

Distribució
Espècie coneguda únicament del Senegal (descripció original), de Mataró (Barcelona, Espanya) on s’ha convertit en la primera cita per al Mar Mediterrani i de Granada, on va aparèixer al juliol de 2025.

Espècies semblants
Berghia marinae es distingeix clarament d’altres membres del gènere per la seva coloració. Només B. stephanieae pot tenir una coloració similar dels cerata, però no té les línies taronges en les insercions ceratals que es troben en B. marinae i també té una disposició ceratal i una distribució geogràfica completament diferent. L’exemplar trobat a la costa de Mataró mostra un patró de coloració diferent a el de la descripció original de B. marinae del Senegal, exteriorment semblant a B. columbina, però l’estudi filogenètic realitzat per Galià-Camps et al. (2020) dóna suport a la validesa de B. marinae. Això podria ser degut a un enfocament ecològic adaptatiu en què l’estratègia utilitzada per la població del Senegal és passar desapercebuda, mentre que la població mediterrània, amb els seus colors vius, adverteix als seus depredadors de la mateixa manera que ho fa B. columbina (veure Galià-Camps et al., 2020, pàg. 196-197).

Vídeos

Altres fotos

Bibliografia

1246567 Berghia marinae 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 30949 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Ballesteros, M., Pontes, M., Madrenas, E. (2019). Els nudibranquis del mar català. Brau Edicions.
Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E., Pontes, M. (2026). OPK - Opistobranquis. Disponible en: https://opistobranquis.info/ [Accedido 6 de marzo de 2026]
Carmona, L., Pola, M., Gosliner, T. M., Cervera, J. L. (2014). The atlantic-mediterranean genus Berghia Trinchese, 1877 (Nudibranchia: Aeolididiidae): taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 80: 482-498.
Edmunds, M. (2015). Opisthobranchiate Mollusca from Ghana, Aeolidiidae, with consideration of several caribbean species. Journal of Conchology Vol. 42(2): 125-161.
Galià-Camps, C., Carmona, L., Cabrito, A., Ballesteros, M. (2020). Double trouble. A cryptic first record of Berghia marinae Carmona, Pola, Gosliner & Cervera 2014 in the Mediterranean Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science, 21(1), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.20026
Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

Més informació

• Litoral de Granada
• World Register of Marine Species

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