Chelidonura hirundinina

Chelidonura ‘hirundinina’ (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)

Chelidonura 'hirundinina' @ Canarias, Spain per Mario Matute

Nota taxonòmica: Chelidonura hirundinina va ser descrita en base a exemplars col·lectats a Fouquets, a l’illa Maurici, a la regió Indo-Pacífica. Hi ha una espècie molt semblant a l’Atlàntic Occidental que també ha estat anomenada C. ‘hirundinina’ (utilitzem la notació de Zamora-Silva & Malaquias (2018)), que és la que mostrem aquí. En els primers temps, les diferències en el patró de coloració es consideraven suficients com per classificar-les com a espècies diferents. Les anàlisis moleculars dutes a terme per Zamora-Silva & Malaquias (2018) indiquen que, encara que genèticament són semblants, formen dos grups diferents.

Sinònims

• Bulla hirundinina Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 (original)
• Chelidonura adamsi Angas, 1867
• Chelidonura philinopsis Eliot, 1903
• Hirundinella hirundinina Gray, 1847

Descripció
Aquest cefalaspideu és de mida petita, el cos pot arribar a uns 4 cm de longitud, de forma generalment allargada i que s’eixampla a l’alçada del cap. El color dominant d’aquesta espècie és el negre amb línies taronja i blaves més o menys gruixudes, que fins i tot es poden veure reduïdes a sèries de punts. Una marca en forma de “T” de color blau, blanc o groc a la part frontal del cap ajuda a distingir aquesta espècie d’altres Chelidonura. Els exemplars procedents de l’Atlàntic Occidental (anomenats C. ‘hirundinina’) es diferencien de l’espècie de l’Indopacífic perquè el cos de l’animal és de color taronja amb línies blaves vorejades de negre, de vegades amb una taca blanca en forma de mitja lluna vorejada de negre ubicada a la part posterior del dors, just abans de la cua. Té una conquilla calcària interna (sota el mantell) força prima a la part posterior del cos que mesura aproximadament 2 mm de diàmetre i té estries de creixement ben marcades. Té una cua bífida semblant a la cua d’una oreneta (característica que dóna nom al gènere) però amb la part esquerra més desenvolupada que la dreta. Com en tots els Aglajidae, els costats del cos estan eixamplats formant parapodis que apareixen doblegats cobrint el dors de l’animal. A la part anterior del cap, la boca està envoltada de pèls sensorials, més prominents que en altres espècies d’Aglajidae. No té ràdula però té un bulb muscular oral molt rígid que actua com una bomba de succió.

Biologia
És una espècie diürna. La seva alimentació era un misteri fins fa relativament poc (1998) però ara se sap que s’alimenta de determinades espècies de planàries que detecta pel rastre de moc que deixen en desplaçar-se i, quan entra en contacte amb la presa, l’absorbeix. Pot alimentar-se d’altres cefalaspideus. Una interessant publicació d’Anne DuPont a Sea Slug Forum mostra dos exemplars reproduint-se sobre la sorra en una trobada que va durar uns 9 minuts. Si se sent amenaçada pot secretar una substància groga ictiotòxica.

Etimologia

• Chelidonura: del grec [chelidon] = oreneta i [oura] = cua, per la seva cua característica.
• Hirundinina: del llatí [hirundo] = oreneta.

Distribució
Chelidonura hirundinina va ser descrita en base a exemplars col·lectats a Fouquets, a l’illa Maurici, es troba a les zones tropicals de la regió Indo-Pacífica (incloses les illes de Mayotte, Reunió i Nova Caledònia). Hi ha una espècie molt semblant a l’Atlàntic Occidental (Mar Carib, Golf de Mèxic, Florida, Bahames, etc.) que també ha estat anomenada C. ‘hirundinina’ (utilitzem la notació de Zamora-Silva & Malaquias (2018)), que és la que mostrem aquí. Les anàlisis moleculars dutes a terme per Zamora-Silva & Malaquias (2018) indiquen que, encara que genèticament són semblants, formen dos grups diferents. El 2024 s’ha detectat la presència de C. ‘hirundinina’ a les illes Canàries.

Altres fotos

Bibliografia

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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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• DORIS
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• World Register of Marine Species

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