Candiella odhneri

Candiella odhneri (Tardy, 1963)

Candiella odhneri per Enric Madrenas

Nota taxonòmica: Aquesta espècie va ser descrita per a la ciència per J. Tardy el 1963 com a Duvaucelia odhneri, després va ser traspassada al gènere Tritonia com T. odhneri (Tardy, 1963) però posteriorment es va comprovar que aquest nom ja estava ocupat per una espècie del Pacífic xilè, Tritonia odhneri Marcus, 1959. Per tots aquests motius, Eveline Marcus (1983), en la seva revisió dels Tritoniidae l’Atlàntic occidental, va assignar un nou nom a l’espècie de Tardy, Tritonia nilsodhneri Marcus Ev., 1983, que és com es coneixia aquesta espècie fins a finals de 2020, quan Korshunova i Martynov (2020) restableixen el gènere Duvaucelia per diferenciar els petits Tritoniidae amb vel frontal no bilobulat i un nombre moderat de dents laterals a la ràdula, que habiten principalment en aigües temperades i subtropicals europees.
El 2023, el nom del gènere Duvaucelia canvia novament a Candiella segons De Vasconcelos et al. (2023) basant-se que la descripció original de Duvaucelia gracilis (espècie tipus del gènere Duvaucelia) no es refereix a un espècimen de Duvaucelia manicata (incorrectament sinonimitzada en el passat amb Duvaucelia gracilis), per la qual cosa proposen establir la sinonímia de Duvaucelia gracilis amb Marionia blainvillea. Per tant, Duvaucelia actualment no es consideraria un gènere vàlid i el nom Candiella es reinstaura sobre la base de l’espècie tipus Candiella plebeia.
Les espècies actualment admeses al gènere Candiella serien: Candiella cincta (Pruvot-Fol 1937) comb. nov., Ca. coralliumrubri (Doneddu et al. 2014) comb. nov., Ca. lineata comb. nov., Ca. manicata comb. nov., Ca. odhneri comb. nov., Ca. pallescens Eliot 1906 comb. nov., Ca. plebeia, Ca. striata comb. nov. i Ca. taliartensis Ortea and Moro, 2009 comb. nov.

Sinònims

• Tritonia nilsodhneri Marcus Ev., 1983
• Duvaucelia odhneri J. Tardy, 1963

Descripció
Els exemplars d’aquesta espècie són llargs i estrets, de secció quadrangular i poden mesurar més de 30 mm quan estan totalment estirats. La seva coloració és variable segons l’espècie de gorgònia sobre la qual es troben: completament blanca, rosada o marró fosca. El cap té un vel cefàlic que disposa de 4-6 fines digitacions, essent les més llargues les dels dos extrems. La boca es troba a la cara inferior del centre del vel cefàlic. Els rinòfors tenen una base ample i el seu extrem en forma de maça està envoltat de curtes digitacions, algunes de les quals són bifurcades. La beina rinofòrica és estreta i de tipus tubular. Els ulls estan situats a la base posterior de les beines rinofòriques. A cada costat del cos hi ha fins a 8 arboritzacions dorsals finament ramificades i de color blanc, les darreres solen ser rudimentàries. Les vísceres groguenques de l’animal es poden veure per transparència en els exemplars clars, des de la zona dels rinòfors fins per darrere del tercer parell de arboritzacions dorsals. La papil·la genital es troba sota la primera arborització dorsal dreta mentre que l’anus es troba, també a la dreta del cos, entre la primera i segona arborització. El peu és ample per darrere i té pigmentació blanca.

Biologia
Aquesta espècie de dendronotaci viu sobre gorgònies del gènere Eunicella (E. singularis, E. verrucosa) encara que també es troba, amb menor freqüència, sobre la gorgònia de color marró Lophogorgia sarmentosa. Els animals guarden un perfecte mimetisme sobre la gorgònia en què viuen, enrotllant-se a les branques de forma que les arboritzacions dorsals semblen els pòlips de la gorgònia. Efectuen les postes en forma d’un cordó transparent amb ous blancs, que dipositen en forma d’espiral enrotllada sobre les branques de la mateixa gorgònia.

Etimologia

• Candiella. Els autors clàssics no explicaven habitualment l’origen dels nombres triats.
• Odhneri. En honor al Prof. Dr. Nils Hjalmar Odhner, (1884-1973), especialista en mol·luscs del Museu Suec d’Història Natural, Estocolm, va ser el successor de Bock com a professor de zoologia d’invertebrats i director d’aquest departament del museu el 1946, fins a la seva jubilació en 1949, quan va ser succeït per Karl Lang. No obstant, va continuar treballant i publicant fins el 1968. El seu interès en els mol·luscs era ample, encara que la seva àrea d’especialització van ser els opistobranquis.

Distribució
Ca. odhneri viu a les costes atlàntiques europees, des de les Illes Britàniques fins a la Península Ibèrica i la Mediterrània. També s’ha trobat a la costa atlántica del Marroc (Moro et al., 2017). Les cites de Sudàfrica haurien de ser confirmades.A la Península Ibèrica s’ha trobat en totes les seves zones costaneres, tant atlàntiques com mediterrànies (Cervera et al. 2004). A Catalunya ha estat observada en diferents localitats de la Costa Brava com Cadaqués, L’Escala, Begur, L’Estartit, Tossa de Mar, Blanes i també a la costa de Barcelona.

Espècies semblants
Marionia blainvillea, els juvenils son de color blanc translúcid i tenen un delicat patró de ratlles blanques absents en Ca. odhneri. Comparteixen hàbitat.

Videos

 

Altres fotos

Bibliografia

1246567 Candiella odhneri 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 546 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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