Okenia elegans

Okenia elegans (Leuckart, 1828)

• Euplocamus laciniosus Philippi, 1841
• Idalia cirrigera Philippi, 1844
• Idalia dautzenbergi Vayssière, 1919
• Idalia elegans Leuckart, 1828 (original)

Descripció
Els exemplars d’aquesta espècie poden arribar una mida màxima de 80 mm. El cos és alt i la seva coloració general varia des del blanc pur al blanc puntejat de rosa o al vermell ataronjat, però alguns exemplars son completament vermells. En tots aquests casos la vora del peu té una banda groga més o menys marcada. El més característic d’aquesta espècie són les papil·les digitiformes que envolten tot el cos des de la part anterior del cap, els costats del dors i voregen les fulles branquials per darrere. Les dues papil·les més anteriors al cap són les més llargues. També hi ha papil·les al centre del dors. El color d’aquestes papil·les en la seva base és com el cos, blanquinós o vermellós, però aviat es tornen grogues excepte l’àpex que sol ser blanquinós. Els rinòfors són gruixuts i en els exemplars blancs són semitransparents a la base, blanc opacs en el seu terç mitjà i vermells en el seu extrem mentre que en els més pigmentats de vermell solen ser també d’aquest color. Hi ha fins a una vintena de fines làmines en cada rinòfor. La brànquia està formada per 12-14 fulles branquials bipinnades que formen un cercle complet al voltant de la papil·la anal; les fulles branquials són blanques però el seu extrem està pigmentat de groc a ataronjat segons el color dels exemplars. La papil·la anal és poc prominent, és de color blanc amb la seva vora superior de color groc o taronja. El peu és molt ample, lleugerament bilobul·lat per davant i apuntat per darrere. El seu color és blanc però està finament puntejat de rosa o vermell en els animals més pigmentats, com també passa en els flancs d’aquests últims exemplars.

Biologia
Aquesta espècie se sol trobar deambulant en fons rocallosos on abunden els ascidis individuals o colonials dels que s’alimenta. Com a presa d’O. elegans s’han citat: Ascidia sp., Ciona sp., Molgula, Microcosmus sp, Phallusia sp., Polycarpa rustica, P. scuba, Botryllus sp. i Dendrodoa grosularia (Picton & Morrow, 1994; McDonald & Nybakken, 1999). Freqüentment els exemplars d’O.elegans es troben gairebé completament enterrats dins el cos dels ascidis, dels que només sobresurten les fulles branquials.

Etimologia

• Okenia. Dedicat al Prof. Dr. Ludwig Gilbert Lorenz Oken, (1779-1851), filòsof natural alemany, editor de la revista “Isis” i publicador del llibre “Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte”.
• Elegans. Del Llatí “elegans”, deliciós, recarregat, prodigiós.

Distribució
Aquesta espècie s’ha registrat des de Noruega, les Illes Britàniques (Picton & Morrow, 2016), el golf de Biscaia, la Península Ibèrica (zona de l’Estret de Gibraltar i Catalunya, Cervera et al. 2004) i el Mar Mediterrani (a l’Adriàtic i a les costes de Grècia). A les costes catalanes només ha estat observat a Begur, Palamós i Blanes (a la Punta de Santa Anna i al calador d’arrossegament conegut com la Planassa).

Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Okenia elegans

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Vídeos

Altres fotos

Okenia elegans by Klas Malmberg (Sweden)

Okenia elegans Skerries, Portrush, Co Antrim, Ireland

Okenia elegans Old individual with some damage to anterior gills. Rathlin Island, Co Antrim, Ireland, July 2005. – Photograph ©Bernard Picton

Radula de Okenia elegans by Luis Sánchez-Tocino

Okenia elegans 28mm @ Kašuni, Split (Croatia) 4-03-2016 7m by Jakov Prkić

Okenia elegans 28mm @ Kašuni, Split (Croatia) 4-03-2016 7m by Jakov Prkić

Okenia elegans 28mm @ Kašuni, Split (First cite for Croatia) 4-03-2016 7m by Jakov Prkić

Okenia elegans 28mm @ Kašuni, Split (Croatia) 4-03-2016 7m by Jakov Prkić

Okenia elegans @ Etang de Thau, France 17.05.2021 by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans @ Etang de Thau, France 17.05.2021 by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans @ Etang de Thau, France 17.05.2021 by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans @ France, 5.06.2021 by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans (clear form) @ France by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans @ France by Pascal Girard

Okenia elegans @ Costa Brava, Spain by Manuel Ballesteros

Okenia elegans @ Costa Brava, Spain by Manuel Ballesteros

Bibliografia

1246567 Okenia elegans 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 14071 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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