Hypselodoris pulchella (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt (Red Sea) 27/09/1996 por Erwin Köhler
Taxonomía | Superdomain | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Ringipleura |
| Superorder | Nudipleura |
| Order | Nudibranchia |
| Suborder | Doridina |
| Infraorder | Doridoidei |
| Superfamily | Chromodoridoidea |
| Family | Chromodorididae |
| Subfamily | Miamirinae |
| Genus | Hypselodoris |
| Species | Hypselodoris pulchella (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830) |
| |
| Clasificación según Bouchet et al. (2017) Fuente taxonómica: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 597870). |
Sinónimos
- Chromodoris pulchella (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
- Doris pulchella Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830 (original)
- Risbecia pulchella (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830)
Descripción
Cuerpo con una longitud máxima registrada de 110mm. El manto es de color blanco o blanco amarillento, con numerosas manchas pequeñas de color amarillo anaranjado. El borde del manto tiene una fina banda de color púrpura con una serie de parches irregulares del mismo color que crecen desde el borde hacia el interior del cuerpo, muy variables de un espécimen a otro y muy pequeños en los juveniles, que en los ejemplares maduros acaban formando un reticulado de color púrpura claro por todo el manto. La parte inferior del manto es blanca con manchas de color amarillo anaranjado y hay una banda de color púrpura claro algo más ancha que la del margen dorsal de la parte superior. El frente del manto forma un gran velo que ondula continuamente cuando el animal está en movimiento. Los costados del cuerpo y del pie son blancos con manchas amarillo-anaranjadas y el extremo apuntado del pie tiene rastros del mismo patrón reticulado de color púrpura claro del dorso, así como un borde púrpura claro. Los rinóforos son blancos con la parte distal de color púrpura con 15-16 laminillas y una línea media de color blanco en los lados anterior y posterior. Las branquias son de color blanco translúcido, bordeadas de color púrpura, a menudo ramificadas, y bastante numerosas (de 20 a 30) en los ejemplares maduros.
Biología
Se sabe muy poco acerca de su dieta. El estudio del contenido intestinal de esta especie reveló la presencia de pequeños fragmentos de gusanos poliquetos, copépodos y algunos filamentos de algas, junto con una cantidad considerable de espículas de esponja calcárea, por lo que parece probable que se alimente de esponjas e ingiera accidentalmente los otros organismos (Aboul-Ela, 1959). La puesta consiste en una cinta de huevos de color naranja rojizo que se fija al substrato a lo largo de uno de los bordes formando una espiral cuyo borde libre aparece ligeramente ondulado. La parte anterior del manto ondula hacia arriba y hacia abajo cuando el animal se está moviendo. Las branquias a menudo se agitan rítmicamente de un lado a otro. Hay un comportamiento típico en esta especie, en que los animales se siguen unos a otros por parejas, el segundo animal de cada pareja toca la cola del que va delante. Hay otras dos especies de dóridos que, en parte, tienen el mismo rango de distribución y que podrían ser fácilmente confundidos con Hypselodoris pulchella: Hypselodoris ghardaqana y Goniobranchus annulatus. Gohar & Aboul-Ela (1957) dan unas claves para diferenciarlas que sintetizamos en el siguiente cuadro comparativo:
| Hypselodoris pulchella | Goniobranchus annulatus | Hypselodoris ghardaqana |
Color dorsal | blanco crema c/manchas amarillas, reticula difusa púrpura | blanco translúcido c/manchas amarillas, círculos púrpura | blanco c/manchas amarillas |
Tamaño máximo | 110 x 30 mm | 64 x 20 mm | 55 x 13 mm |
Rinóforos | largos, púrpura azulado c/eje blanco | largos, cónicos, púrpuras | cortos, púrpura rojizo, c/eje rosado |
Branquias | 20-30, bifurcadas, posición vertical, vibrátiles | 9-12, no bifurcadas, posición vertical, vibratiles | 9-11, no bifurcadas, posición horizontal, no-vibratiles |
Puesta | Naranja rojizo, borde libre ondulado | blanco amarillento, borde libre no ondulado | blanco, borde libre algo ondulado, una capa de huevos |
Foto |  Hypselodoris pulchella |  Goniobranchus annulatus |  Hypselodoris ghardaqana |
Autor de la foto | Erwin Köhler © | Miquel Pontes © | Brian Mayes © |
Etimología
- Hypselodoris. Del Griego “hypsos”, altura, alto + «Doris», una ninfa marina en la mitología griega, esposa de Nereo, ninfa de las aguas y madre de las Nereidas.
- Pulchella. Del Latín «pulchellus», bonito, encantador.
Distribución
Esta especie está muy extendida en el Indopacífico (se ha citado en Filipinas, Tailandia, Myanmar, Malasia, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Kenya, Mozambique, Reunión, Sudáfrica, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Omán, e Irán) y es común en el Mar Rojo. Un informe de Calkidiki, Grecia (Savvidis, L., 2/11/2016), todavía sin publicar, es el primer registro para el Mediterráneo, probablemente relacionado con un suceso de dispersión lessepsiana.
Abundancia
Mediterráneo occidental: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Mediterráneo oriental: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Océano Atlántico: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
MesEsta gráfica muestra la probabilidad de observación mensual de Hypselodoris pulchella basada en nuestros propios registros.
Otras fotos
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Sharm-El-Sheikh, Egypt (Red Sea) 27/09/1996 by Erwin Köhler
Hypselodoris pulchella by Erwin Köhler
Hypselodoris pulchella (trailing behaviour) @ Oman by Pete Berry (Nudibase)
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Red Sea by Enric Madrenas
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Red Sea by Enric Madrenas
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Red Sea by Enric Madrenas
Hypselodoris pulchella @ Red Sea by Enric Madrenas
Bibliografía
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Hypselodoris pulchella
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.
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Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2023) "Hypselodoris pulchella" en OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicado: 07/11/2016. Accedido: 27/09/2023. Disponible en (https://opistobranquis.info/es/?p=22742)
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