Aeolidia filomenae Kienberger, Carmona, Pola, Padula, Gosliner & Cervera, 2016
Aeolidia filomenae @ Baleal, Portugal 15-08-2014 by João Pedro Silva
Taxonomy | Superdomain | Biota |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Ringipleura |
| Superorder | Nudipleura |
| Order | Nudibranchia |
| Suborder | Cladobranchia |
| Superfamily | Aeolidioidea |
| Family | Aeolidiidae |
| Genus | Aeolidia |
| Species | Aeolidia filomenae Kienberger, Carmona, Pola, Padula, Gosliner & Cervera, 2016 |
| |
| Classification according to Bouchet et al. (2017) Taxonomic source: World Register of Marine Species (AphiaID: 880371). |
Description
The body is broad and relatively low, with the rear side of the foot tapered. The anterior side of the foot has tentaculiform corners. The body colour is variable, ranging from white, light beige, salmon to greenish. White or light brown spots are scattered all over the body. There could be a white “Y” shaped mark running from the oral tentacles, between the rhinophores down to the cardiac area, but the colour of this mark can be light brown and barely noticeable, and there could be white or beige spots covering it. The rhinophores are conical, blunt, and smooth and they are translucent with white or beige spots. The eyes are visible at the base of the rhinophores in lighter coloured specimens. The oral tentacles are long, translucent, with opaque white or beige spots like the rest of the body. Tips of tentacles are usually transparent but in some specimens they could be white. The cerata are flattened, broader at their base, and curved inwards. Those at the anterior and posterior sides of the body are smaller than those in the middle of the body. Between the rhinophores and the cardiac zone there are no cerata. The cerata have a lighter coloration than the rest of the body and have white tips. They are arranged in 16 oblique rows of up to 8 cerata each. The white–beige digestive gland is visible throughout the body by transparency. The anus is located between the ninth and tenth row of cerata on the right side. The gonopore is located between the fourth and fifth rows of cerata. Anatomically it is very similar to
A. papillosa, but there are a few differences: The cerata of
A. filomenae are more flattened, slightly hook shaped, and usually show a paler coloration than the rest of the body, whereas the cerata in
A. papillosa are usually darker and more slender.
Biology
Like the species Aeolidia papillosa, that it has traditionally been confused with, it feeds on sea anemones. Before attacking its prey, it fully extends its sensory tentacles and secretes abundant mucus to protect itself against the stinging filaments projected by the anemone when it feels in danger. The spawn consists of a string of a few millimeters in diameter with small capsules containing white eggs (occasionally pink) arranged in a spiral. The planktonic larvae disperse after hatching. The type specimen was found under seaweed of the genus Laminaria at a depth of 6 m.
Etymology
- Aeolidia from Aeolis, the Greek god of the Wind.
- Filomenae, dedicated to Matilde Filomena López González, born in Galicia (Spain), grandmother of Marta Pola, one of the authors who described this species.
Distribution
It is found on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula and on the Atlantic coast of France. Specimens have also been found in the Netherlands and around the British Isles. The study of the species reveals that the specimens from several localities from the Atlantic coast of Europe, previously attributed to A. papillosa (Carmona et al., 2013), belong to a different species. The accepted variability in the colour pattern of the former species masked the existence of a second and pseudocryptic European species of this genus.
Abundance
Western Mediterranean: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Eastern Mediterranean: | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
Atlantic Ocean: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
MonthThis chart displays the monthly observation probability for Aeolidia filomenae based on our own records.
More pictures
Aeolidia filomenae @ Cabo Home, Galicia by Carlos Fernández-Cid
Aeolidia filomenae @ Netherlands 7-03-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae @ Netherlands 26-01-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae feeding on anemone @ Netherlands 21-04-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae head detail @ Netherlands 21-04-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae with spawn @ Netherlands 26-04-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae with spawn @ Netherlands 26-04-2017 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae @ Netherlands 30-03-2018 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae @ Netherlands 29-03-2018 by Stefan Verheyen
Aeolidia filomenae @ Netherlands 21-04-2018 by Stefan Verheyen
Bibliography
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Aeolidia filomenae
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Ballesteros, M., E. Madrenas, and M. Pontes.
2023. OPK - Opistobranquis. (
https://opistobranquis.info/).
Kienberger, K., L. Carmona, M. Pola, V. Padula, T. M. Gosliner, and J. L. Cervera. 2016. Aeolidia papillosa (Linnaeus, 1761) (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Nudibranchia), single species or a cryptic species complex? A morphological and molecular study. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, 177, 481–506.
WoRMS Editorial Board.
2023. World Register of Marine Species. WoRMS. (
http://www.marinespecies.org).
Bibliography based on the works by Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 and Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, with later updates from other resources.
Further reading
Cite this article as:
Pontes, Miquel, Manuel Ballesteros, Enric Madrenas (2023) "Aeolidia filomenae" in OPK-Opistobranquis. Published: 15/06/2016. Accessed: 23/09/2023. Available at (https://opistobranquis.info/en/?p=22184)
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