Philine catena

Philine catena (Montagu, 1803)

• Bulla catena Montagu, 1803 (original)
• Bullaea angustata Philippi, 1836
• Bullaea catenata Thorpe, 1844 
• Bullaea catina Brown, 1827 
• Bullaea punctata Philippi, 1836 
• Bullaea sculpta Wood, 1848
• Philine catena var. zona Jeffreys, 1867 
• Philine catenata Locard, 1886 

Descripción
Esta especie puede alcanzar un tamaño de casi 1 cm de longitud. El cuerpo es estrecho y alargado y de color marrón claro o crema, destacando en todo él numerosas puntuaciones pardas que, según su densidad, pueden oscurecer más o menos el cuerpo. El escudo cefálico es largo y estrecho y ocupa las dos terceras partes del total del cuerpo, sus extremos anterior y posterior son casi truncados. En algunos ejemplares puede haber dos o tres pequeñas manchas pardas alargadas en la mitad anterior del escudo cefálico. Los lóbulos parapodiales son cortos y sólo cubren las paredes laterales del cuerpo. El lóbulo paleal sólo ocupa un tercio de la longitud del cuerpo, es casi cuadrangular y en su extremo posterior diferencia dos cortas protuberancias redondeadas. La concha es interna, de pequeño tamaño, blanquecina, fina y muy frágil y de contorno casi cuadrangular; su abertura es muy ancha y en su superficie externa hay una microescultura espiral formada por cadenas de pequeñas depresiones alargadas como si fueran las cuentas de un collar. El ápice de la concha está ligeramente hundido. El pie es largo y estrecho y ocupa toda la superficie ventral del cuerpo.

Biología
Philine catena vive en fondos de arena y grava, desde la zona intermareal, en charcas de marea o bajo piedras, hasta 2.000 m de profundidad (Thompson, 1988). No se conoce prácticamente nada acerca de su alimentación o reproducción, sólo que se han encontrado conchas vacías de esta especie en los estómagos de algunos peces planos como el gallo o mendo (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) y el mendo limón (Microstomus kitt) (Thompson, 1976).

Etimología

• Philine. Derivado de la palabra griega “philainoi”, nombre de dos hermanos cartagineses que pelearon por su patria y que recibieron honores de dioses.
• Catena. Del Latín “catēna”, cadena.

Distribución
Esta especie de cefalaspídeo vive desde el norte de Europa (islas Lofoten, Noruega, costas británicas) hasta la Península Ibérica y el Mar Mediterráneo. También citada en las Islas Canarias y Madeira. En la Península Ibérica, registrada en todas sus zonas costeras menos en las costas atlánticas de Andalucía y también presente en Baleares (Cervera et al. 2004). En Catalunya se ha encontrado en la playa de Cap Ras (Colera), Llançà, Sitges, Cubelles, Hospitalet de l´Infant, Vandellós y Sant Carles de la Ràpita.

Citas georeferenciadas conocidas de la especie: Philine catena

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Otras fotos

Philine catena 2mm @ Salini, Malta 1m depth 6-09-1993 by Carmel Sammut

Philine catena 9mm @ Qajjenza, Malta 1m depth 8-03-1995 by Carmel Sammut

Philine catena 16mm @ Malta 40-50m depth 9-06-1994 by Carmel Sammut

Philine catena @ Costa Brava in 7m 3-05-2015 by Enric Madrenas

Philine catena 4.3mm @ Split, Croatia 50cm by Jakov Prkic

Philine catena by Enric Madrenas

1246567 Philine catena 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 14182 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografía basada en los trabajos de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 y Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, con actualizaciones posteriores procedentes de otras fuentes.

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