Tethys fimbria Linnaeus, 1767
Informació taxonòmica WoRMS
Nom acceptat actual: Tethys fimbria Linnaeus, 1767
Classificació actual
| Superdomain | Biota |
|---|---|
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Mollusca |
| Class | Gastropoda |
| Subclass | Heterobranchia |
| Infraclass | Euthyneura |
| Subterclass | Ringipleura |
| Superorder | Nudipleura |
| Order | Nudibranchia |
| Suborder | Dendronotina |
| Superfamily | Dendronotoidea |
| Family | Tethydidae |
| Genus | Tethys |
| Species | Tethys fimbria Linnaeus, 1767 |
- Tethys cornigera Macri, 1816
- Tethys fimbriata
- Tethys leporina Linnaeus, 1758
- Tethys parthenopeia Macri, 1816
- Tethys polyphylla Macri, 1816
Descripció
Es tracta d’una espècie de gran talla ja que els animals més grans poden arribar a més de 20 cm de longitud, encara que aproximadament el 40% d’aquesta longitud es deu al gran vel cefàlic. Aquest, és molt ampli i de contorn semicircular i el seu marge extern està proveït de nombroses i curtes estructures filiformes, les fimbries, a les quals deu el seu nom específic; el marge del vel està pigmentat amb una banda fosca que s’estreta cap a la zona posterior del marge. En la cara inferior i en el centre del vel cefàlic es troba la boca, proveïda de dos gruixuts llavis tuberculats; els tubercles dels llavis bucals són cònics i a la lupa binocular s’aprecia que la seva superfície és també tuberculada. La boca esta mancada de ràdula. La coloració general de l’animal és blanc-grisosa, amb alguns tons de color crema a causa de les vísceres. El cap, just a la zona d’unió amb el vel cefàlic, té un parell de rinòfors curts amb una porció laminar, envoltats per una beina rinofòrica tubular que té en la seva cara interna una prolongació membranosa arrodonida. El mantell de l’animal té una extensió menor que el peu, que sobresurt àmpliament pels costats i per darrere. A banda i banda del dors s’aprecien gruixudes papil·les aplanades o cerata (anomenades fenicurs), de forma i grandària variable, i acabades en una o dues puntes, del mateix color que el cos però amb taques marró-negroses. Aquestes papil·les es desprenen fàcilment del cos quan els animals són molestats i després són regenerades. Dins de cada papil·la penetren nervis, vasos sanguinis i ramificacions de la glàndula digestiva. Entre papil·la i papil·la hi ha dos apèndixs ramificats de tipus branquial, una mica més gran l’anterior que el posterior. El peu és molt ampli i del mateix color que el cos, a la seva zona dorsal sol tenir estries blanquinoses que el recorren longitudinalment. Ventralment el peu és groc-cremós i a la seva zona mitjana i posterior s’aprecia clarament la glàndula pèdia de forma allargada. La papil·la anal es troba a la zona anterior dreta del dors. L’orifici genital es troba situat a la dreta del cos, un xic per darrere del rinòfor d’aquest costat; la papil·la genital està extesa cap a enrere per una fina membrana i el penis, d’uns 7 mm de longitud, és fi i està corbat en el seu extrem.
Biologia
Aquesta espècie de nudibranqui sol trobar-se vivint en fons de sorra i cascall a partir de 20-30 metres de profunditat. Les embarcacions d’arrossegament comercial, pescant a 70-100 m de profunditat solen capturar exemplars freqüentment i aquests arriben a bord generalment desproveïts de les papil·les gruixudes del dors, que són molt caduques i s’autotomitzen fàcilment. Després de desprendre’s les papil·les encara segueixen movent-se; això va reforçar el fet que les papil·les despreses fossin considerades com a espècies d’animals independents (planaries, cucs, paràsits) i descrites com a tals, sota el nom genèric de Phaenicurus.
En 1844 Forbes va escriure al seu informe “On Aegean Invertebrata”: “The characteristic Nudibranc of the Mediterranean, a giant among its tribe, Tethys leporina, was only met with once, swimming foot up on the surface of the sea in the Gulf of Smyrna, in an exhausted state, its sides being infested by that extraordinary parasite the Vertumnus tethydicola.”
Es tracta d’un nudibranqui carnívor i molt voraç, que sol capturar a les seves preses projectant l’immens vel cefàlic sobre elles; d’aquesta manera és capaç de capturar i alimentar-se de amfípodes, isòpodes, petits decàpodes, equinoderms, cucs, altres mol·luscs i fins i tot peixos petits. És una espècie que té una gran capacitat de natació mitjançant contorsions del cos, ajudant-se del vel cefàlic i fins i tot de les membranes de les beïnes rinofòriques. Schmekel & Portmann (1982) citen que la posta és una cinta llarga amb càpsules ovígeres que contenen diversos ous de color rosat d’unes 89 micres de diàmetre.
Etimologia
- Tethys (també Tetis). En la mitologia grega la deesa creadora, deesa del mar. Mare de tots els déus i totes les criatures. (Robert Graves, Los mitos griegos. Alianza editorial. Madrid. 1985).
- Fimbria. De l’homònim llatí fimbrĭa: “extremitat”, “cap”, la part última o l’extrem d’alguna cosa. Vora inferior de la vestidura tal·lar. Orla o franja d’adornament.
Distribució
Aquesta espècie es distribueix des d’aigües ibèriques fins el Golf de Guinea i tot el Mar Mediterrani. Les cites americanes haurien de ser comprovades. En la Península Ibèrica ha estat observada a Portugal, a la costa atlàntica d’Andalusia i tot el Mediterrani, incloses les illes Balears. També citada a Canàries (McAndrew, 1852) però no hem pogut trobar aquesta referència en l’esmentat treball i les referències posteriors tan sols esmenten la primera. A Catalunya se la coneix als caladors d’arrossegament comercial situats enfront de Tossa de Mar, Lloret i Blanes, però també s’ha pogut observar a molt poca fondària en immersions nocturnes a Badalona.
Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Tethys fimbria
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Abundància
| Mediterrània occidental: | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Mediterrània oriental: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Oceà Atlàntic: | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Mes
Aquesta gràfica mostra la probabilitat d’observació mensual de Tethys fimbria basada en els nostres propis registres.
Videos
Altres fotos
Tethys fimbria by Enric Madrenas
Tethys fimbria
Tethys fimbria by Gilles Cavignaux
Tethys fimbria @ Croatia by Matko Kolega & Jakov Prkić
Tethys fimbria mating @ Capo Somigliano, Italy by Virgilio Liguori
Tethys fimbria @ Badalona (Spain) by Enric Madrenas
Tethys fimbra @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, Montpellier, France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbra egg string @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, Montpellier, France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbra @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, Montpellier, France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, France by Sylvain Le Bris
Tethys fimbria @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, France by Sylvain Le Bris
Tethys fimbria egg string @ Pointe de l’Espiguette, France by Sylvain Le Bris
Tethys fimbria @ Badia de Roses 22.08.2021 by Boris Weitzmann
Tethys fimbria @ Badia de Roses 22.08.2021 by Boris Weitzmann
Tethys fimbria @ France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria spawn @ France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria by Enric Madrenas
Tethys fimbra mating @ France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria @ Cala Egos, Mallorca by Sebastià Pons
Tethys fimbria @ Cala Egos, Mallorca by Sebastià Pons
Tethys fimbria @ Cala Egos, Mallorca by Sebastià Pons
Tethys fimbria @ Cala Egos, Mallorca by Sebastià Pons
Tethys fimbria @ Grau-du-Roi, France by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria mating by Pascal Girard
Tethys fimbria mating detail by Pascal Girard
Bibliografia
1246567
Tethys fimbria
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eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad
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creator
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1
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https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.
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Ballesteros, M., Madrenas, E. & Pontes, M. (2025) "Tethys fimbria" a OPK-Opistobranquis. Publicat: 17/05/2012. Accedit: 27/07/2026. Disponible a (https://opistobranquis.info/ca/?p=647)
