Trinchesia morrowae

Trinchesia morrowae  Korshunova, Picton, Furfaro, Mariottini, Pontes, Prkić, Fletcher, Malmberg, Lundin & Martynov, 2019

Nota taxonòmica: Les anàlisis filogenètiques realitzades per Cella et al. (2016) van revelar que la família Tergipedidae tradicional és polifilètica i pertany a un clade monofilètic més gran que inclou membres de les famílies tradicionals Eubranchidae, Fionidae i Calmidae; aquest va ser un resultat inesperat, ja que la validesa d´aquests taxons i la seva distinció dels Tergipedidae mai havia estat qüestionada abans. Es proposa unir les famílies Tergipedidae, Eubranchidae, Calmidae i Fionidae sota el nom de Fionidae. Dins Fionidae, els resultats obtinguts van demostrar la necessitat de desenvolupar una nova classificació, ja que les classificacions anteriors (per exemple, separant Catriona, Cuthona i Trinchesia com a taxons diferents) eren inconsistents amb la filogènia resultant. Aquests anàlisis també recuperen un clade (Tenellia) que inclou a tots els membres dels gèneres Tenellia, Trinchesia, Phestilla, Catriona i la majoria de les espècies descrites i no descrites de Cuthona. Es proposen nous gèneresRubramoena, Abronica i Tergiposacca per agrupar altres espècies. També suggereixen que Fionidae és ric en complexos d´espècies críptiques, difícils de separar pels caràcters taxonòmics tradicionals, i amb una gran diversitat d´espècies no detectades prèviament.
Pocs mesos després Korshunova et al. (2017) reprenen l´estudi de la filogènia dels Tergipedidae i utilitzant no només dades moleculars sinó també morfològiques i ontogenètiques realitzen una crítica severa al treball de Cella et al. (2016), proposant reinstaurar les famílies Calmidae, Eubranchidae, Fionidae, Tergipedidae, Cuthonidae, Cuthonellidae i Trinchesiidae, essent aquesta última la més abundant en taxons específics. També reinstauren els gèneres Catriona, Diaphoreolis, Phestilla i Trinchesia que en el treball de Cella et al. (2016) havien estat inclosos dins del gènere Tenellia. Korshunova et al. descriuen a més un gènere nou, Zelentia que inclou a Z. pustulata (espècie tipus Eolis pustulata Alder & Hancock, 1854), a Z. fulgens (MacFarland, 1966) i una nova espècie del mar de Barents, Z. Ninel, indicant p-distances importants entre les tres espècies (entre 10.49% i 13.83%). Tots els gèneres anteriors, Korshunova et al. (2017) els consideren dins de la família Trinchesiidae. També qüestionen la validesa del gènere Rubramoena de Cella et al.
La posició de WoRMS és de tipus conservador, mantenint les famílies Cuthonidae, Calmidae, Cuthonellidae, Eubranchidae, Fionidae, Pseodovermidae, Tergipedidae i Trinchesiidae dins de la superfamília Fionoidea. Les espècies europees que fins fa poc estaven considerades com Cuthona, WoRMS les considera dins del gènereTrinchesia, com T.albopunctata, T.caerulea, T.foliata, T.genovae, T.granosa, T.ilonae, T.miniostriata i T.ocellata. Rubramoena és també considerat un gènere vàlid a WoRMS. Aquestes opinions són les que considerem a OPK mentre no hi hagi altres dades més concloents.

• Cuthona caerulea auct., e.g. Thompson & Brown (1984)16, Schmeckel & Portmann (1982)34, Picton & Morrow (1994)31 non Doris caerulea Montagu, 1804.
  

Descripció
Espècie petita, amb el cos estret, d’uns 10mm de llarg, decorat per una línia dorsal blanca que va des de la part frontal del cap fins a la cua, i línies blanques més fines que decoren els costats del cos. Els rinòfors son llisos i amiden 1.5 vegades la llargada dels tentacles orals. Tant els tentacles orals com els rinòfors tenen els extrems decorats de color groc o taronja intens. Les cerates son relativament curtes i, com el cos, son de color gris clar o groguenc, amb una banda ampla de punts de color groc o daurat, seguits d’una fina banda negra, una banda ampla de color blau i una banda groga o taronja que arriba fins gairebé l’extrem distal, on troben un cnidosac translúcid. Té 3 (rarament 4) files de cerates davant del pericardi. El peu és estret i, per la banda anterior, no disposa de tentacles propodials, només processos angulars.

Biologia
S’alimenta de l’hidroïde Sertularella spp. possiblement de Sertularella perpusilla Stechow, 1919 i també de Stylactis inermis Allman, 1872. La posta és petita, està formada per una espiral de 2-2.5 voltes o un cordó regular, i té menys de 100 ous.

Etimologia

• Trinchesia. En honor del Profesor Salvatore Trinchese (1836-1897), opistobranquiòleg italià, Professor de Zoologia a la Universitat de Bolonya i successor de Paolo Panceri com a Professor d’Anatomia Comparada a la Universitat de Nàpols.
• Morrowae. Dedicada a Christine Morrow, coautora de “A Field Guide to the Nudibranchs of the British Isles” (1994), que va seqüenciar un exemplar de Trinchesia cuanensis revel·lant per primer cop la presència de dues espècies d’aquest complex a l’Atlàntic nordoriental.

Distribució
Viu en fons rocallosos relativament poc profunds, generalment per sobre de 25 m. També es troba en praderies de Posidonia oceanica. Està present a la Mediterrània des de Grècia fins a la conca occidental, però també s’ha trobat al Sud de les illes britàniques. A la Península Ibèrica es troba a totes les seves zones costaneres, inclosa Portugal. També s’ha citat a les Illes Balears. A la costa catalana s’ha observat a moltes localitats de la Costa Brava, des del Port de la Selva fins a Blanes.

Cites georeferenciades conegudes de l'espècie: Trinchesia morrowae

Fonts:
OBIS GROC 2010-2011 Enric Madrenas João Pedro Silva Bernard Picton GBIF	OPK VIMAR Manuel Ballesteros M@re Nostrum Altres fonts Marine Regions

Espècies semblants
Aquesta espècie és molt similar a Trinchesia caerulea, força freqüent a la Mediterrània Occidental, de fet es considerava sinònima fins al treball publicat per Korshunova et al. (2019). Es diferencien perquè T. caerulea és més gran, no té la banda longitudinal dorsal blanca, l’extrem dels tentacles orals i rinòfors son de color groc pàl·lid, no taronges, i els cerata només tenen una banda blava i groga. Peu amb tentacles propodials evidents.

Altres fotos

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Enric Madrenas

Trinchesia morrowae by Miquel Pontes

Trinchesia morrowae by Miquel Pontes

Trinchesia morrowae with spawn by Jordi Regàs

Trinchesia morrowae @ Italy by Fabio Vitale

Trinchesia morrowae by Miquel Pontes

Trinchesia morrowae by Miquel Pontes

Trinchesia morrowae @ L’Escala, Spain by Eli Franco Valero

Trinchesia morrowae @ France by Pascal Girard

Trinchesia morrowae by Manuel Ballesteros

Bibliografia

1246567 Trinchesia morrowae 1 eunomia-revista-en-cultura-de-la-legalidad 50 creator asc 1 24792 https://opistobranquis.info/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
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Bibliografia basada en els treballs de Steve Long, 2006. Bibliography of Opisthobranchia 1554-2000 i Gary McDonald, 2009. Bibliographia Nudibranchia, amb actualitzacions posteriors procedents d´altres fonts.

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